Jabotinsky | Betar | Revisionism

"The essence of revisionism… is that basically, instead of surrendering to fate, we force our lives to head in a certain direction."

"The goal of Zionism is: Eretz Yisrael as a single state on both sides of the Jordan River."

"Eretz Yisrael - all this land has and all that is glorified in it – belongs to us, to the people of Israel."

"The only way to reach an agreement [with the Arabs] is an iron wall – meaning a force in Eretz Yisrael which will not be shattered by any Arab influence."

VIOLENCE IS BACKED INTO UBER-ZIONIST CULTURE & CREED

ETHNO-NATIONALIST MASTER RACE SUPERIORITY & ENTITLEMENT | ENDS JUSTIFY THE MEANS 

ZIONIST TERROR against British pre-May 1948

For More Information about Zionist groups collaborating with NAZIs and Engaging in terrorism, See Palestine Remembered.

MAP GALLERY - SCROLL

FANATICAL JEWS WITHOUT BORDERS


Lehi (Stern Gang) sends Letter-Bombs to President Truman in 1947

1972dec02 NYT | Letter‐Bombs Mailed to Truman in 1947

By Eric Pace | Dec. 2, 1972 | Page 1 nytimes

“The so‐called Stern gang” of Zionist terrorists tried to assassinate President Truman by letter‐bomb in 1947, according to a new biography written by Mr. Truman's daughter.

Mrs. Margaret Truman Daniel writes that “a number of cream‐colored envelopes, about eight by six inches, arrived in the White House, addressed to the President and various members of the staff.” They were found to contain “powdered gelignite, a pencil battery and a detonator rigged to explode the gelignite when the envelope was opened.”

But the White House mail room, alert to the danger of postal bombs, discovered the letters and had them defused by Secret Service bomb experts, Mrs. Daniel writes in her book, “Harry S. Truman,” which is being published by William Morrow & Co. Copies are being distributed to reach bookstores for the Christmas‐shopping season, although the formal publication date is in January.

As far as could be immediately determined, Mrs. Daniel is the first member of the Truman White House circle to confirm that the letter‐bombs arrived, although the report also appeared in a 1949 book, “‘Dear Mr. President . . .’ The Story of Fifty Years in the White House Mail Room,” by Ira R. T. Smith, with the collaboration of Joe Alex Morris.

Writing under her maiden name, Mrs. Daniel also reproduces numbers of previously unpublished letters and notes written by her father. In one, President Truman referred scathingly to Franklin D. Roosevelt, his predecesssor, as a “faker.”

In a note on his desk calendar in 1948, he said, “I don't believe the USA wants any more fakers—Teddy and Franklin [Roosevelt] are enough. So I'm going to make a common sense intellectually honest campaign.”

In another note, written in March, 1948, Mr. Truman complained that “The State Dept. pulled the rug from under me” with a statement contrary to his own policy on the Palestine question. In the previous summer, Mrs. Daniel writes, the Stern gang, an ultramilitant zionist group, “tried to assassinate Dad by mail” by sending the cream‐colored envelopes. She says that each contained a second, smaller envelope marked “Private and Confidential”—which in turn contained the explosive components.

She writes that the White House staff was alert to the danger because similar letters had been mailed to high officials in Britain and intercepted.

Bombs Potentially Fatal

Mrs. Daniel notes that the British police had determined that the bombs were powerful enough to “kill, or at the very least maim, anyone unlucky enough to open” them.

Mrs. Daniel does not give further details about the letter‐bombs, but Mr. Smith, who was a White House staff mail‐reader for 50 years, wrote in his book that during World War II the White House had established various precautionary procedures to intercept dangerous mail.

Letter‐bombs have been used by various terrorist groups intermittently in recent decades, most recently by persons claiming affiliation with the Black September group of Palestinian guerrillas. The Stern gang's violent methods were publicly disowned by official Zionist leaders in the tumultuous years preceding the creation of Israel.

Similar Envelopes Found

Mrs. Daniel does not say why the bombs were attributed to the Stern gang, but Mr. Smith, in his book, reported that the gang had claimed responsibility for having sent the letters to England from its “branch in Enrope” and notes that, they were postmarked from Italy.

The gang was named for its original leader, Abraham Stern, who had been killed by the British in 1942.

According to press reports in 1947, the Stern gang's claim was made in Jerusalem, and similar explosive envelopes had been found previously in Palestine.

The gang's spokesman was quoted as having said shortly before that some of its major figures “might have left the country,” but he did not say why, although the implication seemed to be that they might have been involved in mailing the letters.

In Italy, the police said in June of 1947 that they had no clues as to who had sent the bombs, however.

The Palestine problem preoccupied Mr. Truman in a variety of ways during his tenure as president, as Mrs. Daniel notes in her 602‐page work.

As early as July 1946, she reports,

“The effort Dad was making to untangle the mess in Palestine can be seen in a comment he made to his mother . . .: ‘Had the most awful day I've ever had Tuesday—saw somebody every 15 minutes on a different subject, and held a cabinet luncheon and spent two solid hours discussing Palestine and got nowhere.”

In letters written in the latter part of 1947, she notes, President Truman urged Zionists to show restraint and “consideration for the other people in Palestine.”

 Chaim Weizmann,

In 1948, Mr. Truman assured Chaim Weizmann, the Zionist leader, that the United States backed the idea of partitioning Palestine between the Arabs and the Jews.

But the following day Ambassador Warren Austin made a statement to the contrary at the United Nations—which occasioned President Truman's bitter remark about the State Department.

VIDEOS

MP2002-477  Former President Truman Discusses the Challenges of Establishing Israel in Palestine

 

MP2002-478  Former President Truman Talks About Generating Power in the Middle East

 

MP2002-344 Former President Truman Discusses the Establishment of Israel

 

MP2002-342 Former President Truman Discusses the Recognition of Israel

 

President Truman On The Establishment Of Israel

 

President Truman - We Took Palestine In Small Doses

 

MP2002-476  Former President Truman Talks About Brave Israeli Soldiers

 

MP2002-343 Former President Truman Discusses Prejudice Against Jewish People

 

Former US President Jimmy Carter on AIPAC, Palestine and Israel

 

 

Resistance captures drone footage of Israeli war crimes, with Jon Elmer


From <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nYXYNj_1dY>


Important Dates

CONTENTS

1947 MAY 19 | NYT | IRGUN ZVAI LEUMI Terrorist Group REFUSES to Stop Bombing and Killing Campaign against British

IRGUN REFUSES TO STOP TERRORIST ATTACKS AGAINST BRITISH GOVERNING AUTHORITY AUTHORIZED BY THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS UNDER AT THE SAN REMO CONFERENCE IN 1920.  SEE MORE about the Mandate here-Wikipedia

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1948 July 30 | NYT | IRGUN ZVAI LEUMI Terrorist REFUSE to ACCEPT Partition

IRGUN Claims ALL PALESTINE and ALL TRANSJORDAN for "Eretz Israel."

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ANALYSES: Born & Bred to Be Terrorists

Israel's Regime led by Ethno-Nationalist-Religious Terrorists subscribe to Jabotinsky's extremist-violent version of 'Territorial Maximalist' Zionism that calls for removal of Arabs on BOTH BANKS of the RIVER JORDAN...NO COMPROMISE...NO PALESTINIAN STATE...NO MERCY...NO RULE OF LAW...AND MAXIMUM VIOLENCE AGAINST ARABS

Analysis#1 Jabotinsky's "Revisionist Movement" is Ideological Pillar, Youth Wing is Recruitment tool for Terrorists

ANALYSIS [in red]: Ze’ev Jabotinsky - "The Revisionist Movement" - Terrorism - Posted on the Knesset website

Source: Israeli Knesset website  [my comments in red]

HIGHLIGHTS:

"The essence of revisionism… is that basically, instead of surrendering to fate, we force our lives to head in a certain direction."

"The goal of Zionism is: Eretz Yisrael as a single state on both sides of the Jordan River."

"Eretz Yisrael - all this land has and all that is glorified in it – belongs to us, to the people of Israel."

"The only way to reach an agreement [with the Arabs] is an iron wall – meaning a force in Eretz Yisrael which will not be shattered by any Arab influence."

The Official View on the Knesset (Israeli Parliament) website

In 1925, Ze’ev Jabotinsky founded the Revisionist Zionist Alliance, a Zionist political movement. Its name was derived from its call for a revision - for a new look at the the policy of the Zionist Executive towards the British Government and its mandate over Eretz Yisrael.

The slogan of the Revisionist Movement was used as a title in the "Rassvet" newspaper, edited by Jabotinsky:

"The goal of Zionism is: Eretz Yisrael as a single state on both sides of the Jordan River."

In the first years of the British Mandate in Eretz Yisrael, Jabotinsky supported collaboration with Great Britain, assuming that the latter will implement the mandate it supported in Balfour’s declaration. However, when Britain backed out from its support in the Zionist stand, Jabotinsky warned of a possible betrayal by the government of the British Mandate and advocated to rebel against it. In 1923 he resigned from the Executive of the Zionist Movement, in protest against the policy of Chaim Weizmann, which he felt was moderate towards the anti-Zionist stand taken by the British Mandate Government. The support given to Jabotinsky by youth from east and central Europe was the basis for the future Revisionist Movement.

"We must behave as a nation and embrace ourselves for all possibilities."

ORIGINAL DOCUMENT

"The Revisionist Movement" posted on the Knesset website

 (VPN to Israel required)

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FireShot Pro Webpage Capture 021 - 'Ze'ev Jabotinsky - The Revisionist Movement' - www.knesset.gov.il.pdf

The Revisionist Movement was supportive of an aggressive political struggle alongside an armed struggle for a solution to the problems of the Jewish Diaspora.

"The only way to reach an agreement [with the Arabs] is an iron wall – meaning a force in Eretz Yisrael which will not be shattered by any Arab influence."

"… And the Jewish youth knows that there is no greater and noble service than that of a mercenary, guarding over national labor…".

[GROWTH & MILITARY ORGANIZATION OF BETAR FASCIST YOUTH MOVEMENT] During the 1930’s, Betar spread across Jewish communities worldwide, concentrating in Eastern Europe [central europe aka eastern Germany, Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, Romania, Moldova, Hungary, etc]. Betar members in Eretz Yisrael took part in defending Tel Aviv during the 1929 riots; they established the Betar Work Battalion in the Galilee, Samaria, and the Old City of Jerusalem. In 1933 Betar founded seamanship schools – the most known of which was in Civitavecchia, Italy. Graduates of these schools were captains in the Jewish navy and later in the Israeli Sea Corps. They also conducted courses in aviation and took an active part in Aliyah Bet. Betar members were the core of both the Etzel and the National Labor Federation.

In the 17th Zionist Congress, held in 1931, the revisionists’ stance on defining Zionism as the "creation of a Jewish majority in Eretz Yisrael" was rejected. The tension between the Revisionist Movement and the left-wing parties of the Zionist Organization deepened following the murder of Chaim Arlozoroff in June 1933, despite efforts of the Yishuv leadership for reconciliation. Jabotinsky headed the movement since 1933, and in a survey held that year he was supported by 93.8% of the Revisionist Zionist Alliance members.

"Revisionism has its own approach towards every aspect of Zionism; it is not capable of following patterns designed by others…".

[POLITICAL RIFT AGAINST JABOTINSKY'S POLITICAL ACTION] In 1935 the Zionist Organization issued an order forbidding its members to conduct independent political activities. Jabotinsky resigned soon thereafter and in the same year he formed the New Zionist Organization (NZO). In its founding event, held in Vienna, there were 713,000 participants from 32 countries. Jabotinsky was elected as president of the organization.

The ETZEL - National Military Organization in the Land of Israel – was established in 1931 after a split within the Hagana branch in Jerusalem. Those who resigned greatly criticized the Hagana’s incompetence during the 1929 riots.

During the first years of its formation, Jabotinsky was barred from entering Eretz Yisrael, but he had great influence on its creation. Later, in 1936, the Etzel became the militant branch of the Revisionist Zionist Alliance. Jabotinsky was supportive of its actions against the policy of restraint towards Arab rioters (1936–1939) [in other words, Jaboinsky supported violence against rightfully angered Arabs--classic KKK Birth of a Nation] . In 1937 he was named the Supreme Commander of the Etzel – a title he held until his death in 1940.

[REVISIONISTS = CRYPTO-NAZIS, against Ben-Gurion's socialist endeavors (like Kibbutzs)]

The revisionists were supportive of a liberal economy. Their point of view saw socialism, communism, and other ideologies as hazardous to Zionism. Within the Histadrut they called for the establishment of professional unions to base their actions on national considerations.

During the years 1934 and 1935, the Revisionist Movement created and operated a public petition calling for Great Britain to act on the Manadte given to them in Eretz Yisrael. More than 600,000 Jews signed the petition. At the same time, the movement organized the "Af Al Pi" Aliyah – illegal immigration to Eretz Yisrael through land and sea. Thousands made Aliyah in this operation.

[TERRORISTS REJECT TWO-STATE SOLUTION (AND STILL DO)]

In 1936 the British Government formed the Peel Commission, a royal investigative commission to examine the Arab revolt that broke out that year and to give its recommendations on the fate of Eretz Yisrael. The Revisionist Movement rejected the Commission’s proposal for the partition of Eretz Yisrael to two states: Arab and Jewish.

"Eretz Yisrael - all this land has and all that is glorified in it – belongs to us, to the people of Israel."

In 1938 the movement formulated the Evacuation Plan initiated by Jabotinsky, which was aimed for a quickly organized evacuation of 1.5 million Jews from Eastern Europe to Eretz Yisrael. This plan was fiercely rejected by Jewish and Zionist groups that feared it will enhance anti-Semitism in Poland and other countries.

[REALITY CHECK - IRGUN AND STERN GANG FOUGHT AGAINST BRITISH IN WW2]

Following the breakout of the Second World War, Jabotinsky and his movement worked to promote the establishment of a Jewish defense force to fight alongside the Allied Forces against Nazi Germany. [EXCEPT BOTH THE IRGUN AND STERN GANG BOTH FOUGHT AGAINST THE BRITISH!!! And THEREFORE BACKED HITLER implicitly, and in some instances EXPLICITLY e.g. Stern Gang effort to establish alliance with Hitler]

After Jabotinsky passed away in August 1940, the revisionists worked towards increasing the number of Yishuv volunteers in the British Army. Betar branches in Europe were demolished during the war, though its members were active participants in the ghetto rebellions and in partisan units. After the war, they continued to be active in promoting illegal immigration of holocaust survivors to Eretz Yisrael.

The New Zionist Organization dissolved in 1946; the Revisionist Zionist Alliance later returned to be part of the Zionist Organization, and its delegates participated in the 22nd Zionist Congress. The veteran revisionists refused in 1949 to unite with the Herut Movement, as proposed to them by former Etzel commander Menachem Begin. They ran for the First Knesset on their own list and failed, while Herut gained 14 seats. In 1950, prior to the elections for the Second Knesset, the two movements merged to become the "Herut-Zionist Revisionist Alliance."

SOURCE: Israel Knesset website [with my comments in red]

Analysis#2 Godfather Jabotinsky Terrorist - From Founding Betar 'Hitler Youth' Paramilitary to Pogromming and Massacres to Prime Ministers (Begin, Rabin, Sharon, Netanyahu)


Writing in the 1930s...."In one...article, [Yitzhak Grinboym, the famed Zionist leader and former representative to the Polish parliament] warned the Jewish public to neither dismiss Betar’s calls for a military culture to pervade Jewish civil society nor ignore the youth movement’s celebration of violence. Betar’s violent rhetoric was not, he insisted, merely a “game of wicked, wild children”; the youth movement’s members would stop at nothing to prove that “with bullets one can dispose of people and ideas from the road” that was being paved by Zionists to bring about a Jewish homeland in Palestine.  - Stanford PhD Dissertation (source link to be added)

Jabotinsky: Godfather of today's Israeli Terrorist Extremism

Founder of Betar Youth Movement; Idealogical leader of Irgun terrorist group, and promoter of Israel for Jews Only (All of Eretz Israel)--revisionist territorial maximalist Zionistm--

Summary adapted from Wikipedia, the Knesset website and other cited sources.

Sources from wikipedia : Lehi terrorist group (also known as Stern Gang), Irgun terrorist group Betar, Ze'ev Jabotinsky, Jewish Insurgency in Palestine-wikipedia


"The goal of Zionism is: Eretz Yisrael as a single state on both sides of the Jordan River."  slogan promoted by Ze’ev Jabotinsky's newspaper

 

Jewish Homeland & Hostland for European Ashkenazi Jews

In the beginning, most Jews called 'greater' Poland their home. The historical record of Jews in Poland (and more broadly portions of ten contemporary central European nation-states known as the 'Pale of Settlement') shows at least as far back as the 13th century, the area united under the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth had welcomed Europe's Ashckenazi Jews who were free to identify and live as Jews in what historians have labelled paradisus iudaeorum (Latin for "Paradise of the Jews"). The Oxford Handbook on the Jewish Diaspora abstract states:.

One of the hallmarks of modern diaspora studies is the dichotomy of a “homeland” and “hostland” in relation to a diasporic group. The history of Jews in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth complicates these contemporary categories. The multi-ethnic and multi-cultural Commonwealth was a homeland for Polish Jews. They formed an integral part of its social, cultural, and economic fabric, even as they identified and were identified as Jews. In a pre-modern world, with legal structures grounded in distinct estates, identities were also inscribed in law. Jewish judicial and communal autonomy was a product of the Jews’ legal status. In Poland-Lithuania, Jewish autonomy developed mimicking the governing structures of the Commonwealth itself. Polish Jews were, thus, a part of a larger real and imagined Jewish community whose homeland was Poland.

Having never hosted many Jews before the dissolution of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth which resulted in most of the Jewish homeland falling under Russian Occupation for the next 135 years, The Russian tzar promptly revoked the Emancipation of the Jews upon inheriting the Jewish population, and began persecuting Jews with pogroms (riots to harass, terrorize, pillage, and expel Jews). From paradise to pogroms, Jews had joined the Russian serfdom.

INTRA-WAR PERIOD, Poland restored---Zionist Terrorism is Born

The two prominent pre-state Zionist terrorist Organizations are the Jabotinsky-inspired Irgun run by Menachem Begin and the even more notorious Lehi (Stern Gang) known for political assassinations which was founded by Avrahem Stern as a splinter group from Irgun which was not sufficiently violent and extremist for Stern Gang members.

The Irgun was described as a terrorist organization by the United Nations, British, and United States governments and in media such as The New York Times newspaper.

BETAR MILITARY CRYPTO-FASCIST YOUTH ORGANIZATION

Members of the Irgun came mostly from Jabotinsky-founded militaristic youth movement Betar and from the Revisionist Party both in Palestine and abroad. While it is often assumed all Jews were committed to human rights and liberal democracy as leftists or centrists given their experiences under tzarist Russia and other fascist regimes, Jabotinksy's Betar youth brigade was a crypto-fascist, militaristic, violent organization from its launch in 1923 in Riga, Lithuania, which had established legendary yeshivas (religious schools).

Due to the joining of many Betar Youth members, Jabotinsky (founder of Betar) had a great deal of influence over Irgun policy. Nevertheless, Jabotinsky was of the opinion that for moral reasons violent retaliation was not to be undertaken (although this was NOT policy from the beginning where Violent Aggress and Violent retaliation were normalized and caused tremendous anxiety among other Jewish organizations and the wider Jewish community).

Irgun Zvai Leumi

 

BRITANNICA SUMMARY (link)

Irgun Zvai Leumi, Jewish right-wing underground movement in Palestine, founded in 1931. At first supported by many nonsocialist Zionist parties, in opposition to the Haganah, it became in 1936 an instrument of the Revisionist Party, an extreme nationalist group that had seceded from the World Zionist Organization and whose policies called for the use of force, if necessary, to establish a Jewish state on both sides of the Jordan River.

 

Irgun committed acts of terrorism and assassination against the British, whom it regarded as illegal occupiers, and it was also violently anti-Arab

 

Terrorist organization, Recruits from Betar

The Irgun (Hebrew: ארגון; full title: Hebrew: הארגון הצבאי הלאומי בארץ ישראל Hā-ʾIrgun Ha-Tzvaʾī Ha-Leūmī b-Ērētz Yiśrāʾel, lit. "The National Military Organization in the Land of Israel"), or Etzel (Hebrew: אצ"ל) (sometimes abbreviated IZL), was a Zionist terrorist paramilitary organization that operated in Mandatory Palestine between 1931 and 1948 AND conducted terrorist operations globally. It was an offshoot of the older and larger Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah (Hebrew: Hebrew: הגנה, Defence). The Irgun terrorist organization carried out many terrorist acts against the British in Palestine and worldwide;Arabs; and Jews; and nearly resulted in a civil war between Ben-Gurion's Zionists and the Revisionist Forces.

The Irgun policy was based on what was then called Revisionist Zionism founded by Ze'ev Jabotinsky.

Of many Acts of Terror, The most Famous Two: (1) Bombing the King David Hotel and (2) the Deir Yessin village massacre Palestinians

Irgun's  bombing of the King David Hotel in Jerusalem on 22 July 1946 resulted in the murder 91 people and many more seriously injured. Among the killed included included Brits, Arabs & Jews.

Irgun's premeditated Psy-Ops Deir Yassin massacre murdered between 107 and 300 Palestinian Arab villagers, including women and children. Irgun led by Menachem Begin and the Lehi Jewish terrorist group carried out this massacre on 9 April 1948 as psychological operation to incite fear and panic among Palestinians so they would flee--and unbeknownst to them, NOT be allowed to return after the cessation of hostilities.

LEHI (Stern Gang) terrorist paramilitary, splinter group off Irgun  -

The obituary notice for journalist Eliahu Amikam published on 15 August 1995 in the Washington Post describes him as a former leader (in fact the founder) of The [AMIKAM] Stern Gang -- known in Hebrew as Lehi, an acronym for Israel Freedom Fighters -- was the most militant of the pre-state underground groups. Lehi carried out the 1944 assassination of Lord Moyne, the British minister for the Middle East, and was blamed for the 1948 assassination of the U.N. mediator in Palestine, Count Folke Bernadotte. Former Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Shamir commanded Lehi in the 1940s.

SPLINTER GROUP.

Lehi split from the Irgun militant group in 1940 in order to continue fighting the British during World War II. It initially sought an alliance with Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany.[22] Believing that Nazi Germany was a lesser enemy of the Jews than Britain, Lehi twice attempted to form an alliance with the Nazis, proposing a Jewish state based on "nationalist and totalitarian principles, and linked to the German Reich by an alliance"

FOUNDING.

Lehi was created in August 1940 by Avraham Stern.[18] Stern had been a member of the Irgun (Irgun Tsvai Leumi – "National Military Organization") high command. Zeev Jabotinsky, then the Irgun's supreme commander, had decided that diplomacy and working with Britain would best serve the Zionist cause.

 

ANTI-BRITISH. 

Stern argued that the time for Zionist diplomacy was over and that it was time for an armed struggle against the British. Like other Zionists, he objected to the White Paper of 1939, which restricted both Jewish immigration and Jewish land purchases in Palestine. For Stern,

"no difference existed between Hitler and Chamberlain, between Dachau or Buchenwald and sealing the gates of Eretz Israel."

UNRESTRICTED IMMIGRATION. 

Stern wanted to open Palestine to all Jewish refugees from Europe and considered this to be the most important issue of the day. Britain would not allow this. Therefore, he concluded, the Yishuv (Jews of Palestine) should fight the British rather than support them in the war. When the Irgun made a truce with the British, Stern left the Irgun to form his own group, which he called Irgun Tsvai Leumi B'Yisrael ("National Military Organization in Israel"), later Lohamei Herut Israel ("Fighters for the Freedom of Israel"). In September 1940, the organization was officially named "Lehi", the Hebrew acronym of the latter name

Goals and ideology

Lehi had three main goals:

Lehi believed in its early years that its goals would be achieved by finding a strong international ally that would expel the British from Palestine, in return for Jewish military help; this would require the creation of a broad and organised military force "demonstrating its desire for freedom through military operations."[36]

Lehi also referred to themselves as 'terrorists' and may have been one of the last organizations to do so.[19]

An article titled "Terror" in the Lehi underground newspaper He Khazit (The Front) argued as follows:

Neither Jewish ethics nor Jewish tradition can disqualify terrorism as a means of combat. We are very far from having any moral qualms as far as our national war goes. We have before us the command of the Torah, whose morality surpasses that of any other body of laws in the world: "Ye shall blot them out to the last man."

But first and foremost, terrorism is for us a part of the political battle being conducted under the present circumstances, and it has a great part to play: speaking in a clear voice to the whole world, as well as to our wretched brethren outside this land, it proclaims our war against the occupier.

We are particularly far from this sort of hesitation in regard to an enemy whose moral perversion is admitted by all.[21]

The article described the goals of terror:

Yitzhak Shamir,[later elected prime minister, then assassinated for choosing the path of pursuing peace versus perpetual violence and aparthed]  one of the three leaders of Lehi after Avraham Stern's assassination, argued for the legitimacy of Lehi's actions:

There are those who say that to kill Martin[c] is terrorism, but to attack an army camp is guerrilla warfare and to bomb civilians is professional warfare. But I think it is the same from the moral point of view. Is it better to drop an atomic bomb on a city than to kill a handful of persons? I don't think so. But nobody says that President Truman was a terrorist. All the men we went for individually – Wilkin, Martin, MacMichael and others – were personally interested in succeeding in the fight against us.

So it was more efficient and more moral to go for selected targets. In any case, it was the only way we could operate, because we were so small. For us it was not a question of the professional honour of a soldier, it was the question of an idea, an aim that had to be achieved. We were aiming at a political goal. There are many examples of what we did to be found in the Bible – Gideon and Samson, for instance. This had an influence on our thinking. And we also learned from the history of other peoples who fought for their freedom – the Russian and Irish revolutionaries, Giuseppe Garibaldi and Josip Broz Tito.[37]

After Stern's death in 1942, the new leadership of Lehi began to move towards support for Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union[17] and the ideology of National Bolshevism, which was considered an amalgam of both right and left.[24][22] Regarding themselves as "revolutionary Socialists", the new Lehi developed a highly original ideology combining an "almost mystical" belief in Greater Israel with support for the Arab liberation struggle. This sophisticated ideology failed to gain public support and Lehi fared poorly in the first Israeli elections.[25]

Analysis#3 CIA ANALYSIS OF IRGUN and Situation in Palestine

"SECRET" CIA Analysis-Overview of fanatical Irgun 

13 October 1944 | 9 pages | CIA

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Zionist Terror CIA Research Declass 1944oct13 9pages DOC_0001225544.pdf

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"SECRET" CIA Analysis-Situation in Palestine 

20 October 1947 8 pages | CIA

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ZIONIST TERRORR CIA 1947OCT20 IRGUN CIA-RDP78-01617A003000120004-1.pdf

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Background Briefing PM Menachem Begin 

7 July 1977 | 4 pages | CIA

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ZIONIST TERROR CIA PROFILE MENACHEM BEGIN 1977-07-07.pdf

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Opinion: The Relentless Israeli Propaganda Machine

Opinion | Senator James Abourezk (D-SD) 

Penthouse Feb 1978 | Source: CIA Files

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ZIONIST TERROR CIA 1978JAN06 SENATOR ARTICLE - FAILURE OF PRESS CIA-RDP81M00980R002000090173-0.pdf

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1982jul03 Wapo | Senator James Abourezk's Arab Defense | Israel's Invasion of Lebanon

 

1982jul03 Wapo | Abourezk's Arab Defense

An Impassioned Voice for Lebanon

By Elisabeth Bumiller

July 3, 1982 washingtonpost.com

 

There were very few Arabs on the prairies of South Dakota in the 1930s, so no one knew what to make of James Abourezk, the son of a Lebanese peddler. "Kids used to beat me up and call me a goddamned black Jew," Abourezk says. "I'll never forget that."

Now he wears his past like armor and has become one of Washington's most passionate defenders of the Arab cause. A lawyer who has represented American Indians and the Ayatollah Khomeini's Islamic Republic of Iran, Abourezk is also known for his 1978 decision to quit the U.S. Senate. Now, the Lebanese war has sent him on a new public relations campaign.

Several weeks ago, he bought a full-page, $22,000 ad in The Washington Post that announced "Israel is Killing Lebanon," and then, four days later at a press conference for the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, said the Israelis have "imitated the methods and the means of their tormentors in Nazi Germany."

A decade ago, he eloquently spoke on Capitol Hill about "an even-handed policy for all countries in the Middle East."

Many in Abourezk's circle wonder what happened. Ask him who his friends are and he'll mention a dozen or so, then say: "And the enemies? Everybody else."

Bethany Weidner, a former staffer:

Bethany Weidner, a former staffer, says, "I don't think he's any different than he was . . . Jim just sees the world divided into the screwers and the screwees," but others who have broken with him use words like "wacky," "nutty" and "poor Jim."

Some [LIKE WHO?] say his anti-Israeli government position has gone all the way to anti-Semitic; Abourezk calls that a "great ploy of people who support Israel."

Or as his friend Saul Landau says:

"I don't think there are any Jews who don't pick up anti-Semitic vibes, if there are any. And none come from Jim." (Landau is a senior fellow at the Institute for Policy Studies, a left-leaning think tank critical of Israeli policy toward the Palestinians.)

Abourezk has cousins in Beirut, and he heard this week that they're still alive. Tanks rolled through the narrow streets of his parents' old village, tearing down houses as they passed. Four died. Abourezk, like many others, is captured by the emotion of Lebanon.

But in the past weeks, Abourezk has had the peculiar experience of watching the world of Washington opinion move closer to him. Close, but not too close. Many criticize Menachem Begin, but few go so far as to say that the Israelis are "conducting a propaganda campaign that would make Joseph Goebbels proud."

 one-time Aberdeen fund-raiser Manley Feinstein:

Remarks like that have cost Abourezk a number of former South Dakota supporters who, in the words of one-time Aberdeen fund-raiser Manley Feinstein, consider him a "turncoat" with "as many moral scruples as a skunk."

Abourezk's reaction to the imbroglio? "I frankly don't give a damn," he says

 U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Abner Mikva, a former Abourezk colleague from the House:

"He's not being honest with himself when he says that," says U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Abner Mikva, a former Abourezk colleague from the House. "I think he's probably grown used to it. Once we had a meeting in Illinois when he was raising money, and the questions were getting pretty sharp. And I remember being in the Capitol with him, chatting for a minute or two, and I asked, 'How's it going?' And whatever he said, it was clear that he was depressed. I made some flippant remark and he said, 'Nah, it's really getting to me.' "

Confronting the Past

Abourezk:

People often discover roots late in life, but few do it because they've been elected to the U.S. Senate. "It probably all started when I made a tour of the Middle East in 1973, my first year," says Abourezk, 51. "I had a very dramatic experience when I went back to my parents' village in Lebanon. It's called Kfeir, about 10 to 15 miles from the Israeli border . . . there was a canvas banner put out along the road, right near a bomb crater made by Israeli warplanes. In Arabic it said, 'Welcome Sheik Senator James Abourezk.' And in English it said, 'Phantom jets made in U.S.A.' There were about 3,000 people turned out, and then the mayor of Kfeir got up and made a speech, and it was sort of a trauma for me. I mean, I'd heard about the village from my parents for a long, long time. The mayor's speech basically went like this: 'We have always thought of the United States as the protector of liberty, but American bombs have been dropping on us, killing our people. Now we think the United States is a dictator.' And looking back, it was a series of things like this that were happening to me personally."

Pete Stavrianos, Abourezk's former administrative assistant:

"It was a quick thing," says Pete Stavrianos, Abourezk's former administrative assistant. " 'What is ethnic background?' You see that in a lot of people. All of a sudden, they confront it."

On a recent Sunday, Abourezk was watching Menachem Begin on his kitchen television set and complaining that nobody on CBS' "Face the Nation" had stuck the Israeli prime minister with a tough question. Freshly showered after a morning jog, Abourezk lit up a cigar and took a few gulps of beer before pouring it into the fixings for one of his "Famous Omelets." The kitchen in his Connecticut Avenue co-op is one of a cook, filled with hanging pans and a Cuisinart for preparing his Middle Eastern dinners. He is a stocky man with hair that curls over the back of his collar. Even many who oppose him say they can't help but like him.

Howard M. Metzenbaum:

"I'm in total disagreement with his stand on the Middle East," says Sen. Howard M. Metzenbaum (D-Ohio). "But that's never affected my warm feeling toward him."

Abourezk makes it clear that he is giving this interview only because he wants to publicize his cause. American newspapers, he feels, are fiercely biased toward Israel.

In the past year, Abourezk has divorced his wife and left his old law firm, Abourezk, Shack & Mendenhall. Of his 29-year marriage, he says, "It got worse and worse. Eventually, we just couldn't do it anymore." Of the law firm, former partner Tom Shack simply says "the relationship was dissolved by mutual agreement" and offers "no comment" on Abourezk's work.

Now Abourezk practices at Abourezk, Sobol & Trister. His new office is quiet and carefully appointed, decorated with a Persian rug and Bedouin blankets. There is a fine view of Dupont Circle. It is here, in an earlier interview, that he talked about what changed him.

Alan Baron, editor of a political newsletter and an old friend:

"Abourezk never thought about the Middle East while he was a congressman," says Alan Baron, editor of a political newsletter and an old friend. "When he went to the Middle East as a senator, the Arab countries treated him as a hero. He started to look at the issue. Then, turning his back on the Jews produced, among the most ardent, a vehement response. I think that escalated his own rhetoric."

Others say Abourezk, as an Arab-American, more or less found the cause in his lap. "Yeah, that's probably more like it," Abourezk says.

Louis Hurwitz:

Some former supporters are still vehement. "We feel betrayed," says Louis Hurwitz, a Sioux City lawyer who was an important fund-raiser for Abourezk. "He says he saw the light. Well, I think in large measure it's the influence of the Arab lobby and the fact that he's been on the payroll."

Abourezk won't say how much he makes or who his clients are, but he will say that "I'm not making gobs of money. I'm constantly in debt. I spend more time politicking than I do practicing law." (In 1973, he earned $49,425 for 14 speeches that year, including a $10,000 honorarium for addressing 1,000 Arab-Americans in Detroit.) Unlike Fred Dutton, the well-known and influential lobbyist for Arab causes, Abourezk is not a registered foreign agent.

Pete Stavrianos, Abourezk's former administrative assistant

"I'm sure he's made decent money since he's left the Senate," says Stavrianos. "But I'm sure he could have tripled it if he said, 'I'm going to be rich.' "

Abourezk grew up on the Rosebud Indian reservation, the third son of parents who ran a local general store. "I took care of myself," he says. "I went where I pleased and did what I pleased." Once he took his father's car to see a girlfriend 17 miles away; to make sure the odometer didn't register, he backed it all the way home. He was expelled his senior year for lassoing a teacher during a high school assembly and had to finish up by hitchhiking to school in a different town. "He was always full of the devil," recalls his brother, Tom.

He went to the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, then the University of South Dakota law school. He was also: a bartender, a black-jack dealer, a used-car salesman and a judo instructor. He eventually settled into a law practice in Rapid City where he says he did a lot of pro bono work for the Indians. In 1970, he was the first Democrat since the Roosevelt landslides of the 1930s to win in the state's second district. Few thought he could do it.

Abourezk:

"Not even me," says Abourezk. He admits he wasn't a sophisticated politician. "Basically, it's all sort of an ego drive. I had ideas about how things were going to happen. I was against the war, and so on."

Two years later, when the incumbent retired, Abourezk landed in the Senate. He was seen as the renegade from the West, delighting the press with his outbursts yet infuriating his colleagues with an all-night, unsuccessful filibuster against attempts to deregulate the price of natural gas. The legislation he actually passed was minimal. In 1977, he announced he wouldn't seek reelection. "I can't wait to get out of this chicken---- outfit," he said at the time.

He said he was tired of putting politics over family and depressed about the compromising necessary to get elected. Skeptics questioned his motives. Friends and enemies in South Dakota said he would have had a tough time getting reelected, although he might have won if he'd hustled. But at that point, Abourezk didn't care.

Pete Stavrianos, Abourezk's former administrative assistant

"At first, he went at it like he goes at most things--just flat out," says Stavrianos. "Then he got tired of it, and started to resent it.

"His strength in the Senate," Stavrianos adds, "was that he really didn't give a damn whether public opinion sided with what he was doing. But if you wanted somebody who wanted to do a careful job of developing legislation, educating the public on the issue and working carefully over a long period of time, in detail, then he would be a hopeless failure."

"He found it offensive if a colleague asked him to keep his mouth shut on an issue now and then," Mikva once said. "And he didn't like sitting around waiting. He likes quick results, not fussing with commas and dots. He's just not a disciplined person in the legislative process."

Now, on Abourezk's pro-Arab stand, Mikva says:

 "He's wrong as hell on most of it--but I believe he means it. He's being very one-dimensional. At this point, he doesn't really understand the problems and the passions that motivate people, besides Lebanese, in that part of the world."

Advantages of the Underdog

Since he left the Senate for private practice in 1979, Abourezk has spent much of his time giving pro-Arab speeches. He frequently mentions Abscam, the FBI undercover operation where agents posed as Arabs, as an example of racism. "How do you think Jewscam sounds?" he asks.

But there are some advantages to being underdog. "I think you do have a lot more freedom than most people," he says.

So is that why he likes this?

"It's not a question of like," he says. " 'Do you enjoy pain?' Nobody really does . . . If your conscience says something, and you avoid acting on your conscience for a long time, you have to do something to ease it. And if you're in a position to do something about it, then I think you ought to . . . When you think of the phonies up on Capitol Hill who'll fight to the death for wild horses or sperm wales--and not do a goddamned thing for a human being."

He says he doesn't feel "heroic" about any of this and, if the truth be known, would prefer to live in Sonoma County, Calif., with a small vineyard, a greenhouse and a job teaching government. "I guess if I had my druthers, I'd rather live peacefully and not be embroiled in controversy," he says.

He sighs. "But I can't afford it. I don't have enough money to get out of town."

 

 

https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1982/07/03/abourezks-arab-defense/0929465a-a124-47a2-805b-406f59cd11db/

 

 

Media Treatment of Arabs and Islam

Program #BARD-KNOE-LANS001. Recorded in Arlington, VA on April 15, 1994.

 

Panel discussion featuring David Barsamian, Erwin Knoll and Saul Landau.

Moderated by James Abourezk, former Senator from South Dakota and founder of ADC, the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.

 

From <https://www.alternativeradio.org/products/bard-knoe-lans001/>


Irgun Transition to Politics 

Student Paper | Lycoming College

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Zionist Terrorism Irgun Begin - Lycoming College - 13 pages - csellers.pdf

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Jabotinsky terrorist-Zionist Justification for Terrorism | published Aug 1943

Translation of "Terror" article, appearing in Lehi newspaper He Khazit ("The Front", החזיט‎), issue 2, August 1943

By Wikipedia Editor (since 2004) User:Zero0000/LehiTerror  User:Zero0000

INTRODUCTION

Lohamei Herut Israel, known by its acronym Lehi and also as the Stern Gang or Stern Group after its founder, was an armed underground Zionist group in Palestine during the years 1940-1948. Usually regarded as the most extreme of such groups, it conducted a campaign of assassination and other violence mostly directed against British individuals such as police and government officials. It also, on occasion, attacked Arab targets or killed alleged Jewish collaborators. It received the label "terrorist" from almost everyone, including from the mainstream Jewish organizations. More surprisingly, it accepted this label itself and sought to justify it. The following is a translation of an article "Terror" (טירור‎) that appeared in the Lehi newspaper He Khazit ("The Front", החזיט‎), issue 2, August 1943. No author is given for the article, which was the usual practice in this newspaper. Underlines are in the original.

Scans of the Hebrew text are provided: first page, second page.

Terror-translation

Cover page of He Khazit

"TERROR"

No byline [B.GOBIN-TULPPP markups in red and my bold & highlighting]

We must first restrict the concept to the area which we will deal with in this article, for many things may be called "terror" and it is not easy to find the boundaries.

It would not be difficult, for example, to defend the method of terror if we were to say that terror is not to make the enemy or dodger fear by threats and attempts on his life.

According to an absolutely correct, broad definition, terror is any force placed on a person through sanctions.

He Khazit  issue 2 August 1943

Justification for TERRORISM

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If, for example, I don't let a person work for a living, that is also terror, though I do not judge him nor banish him and I do not seek to end his life.

If we dig further and analyze societal concepts, we will find sometimes to our own surprise that terror rules, much more than it would seem.

WHAT IS LEGAL?

Generally, it is clearly accepted that terror is anti-legal, but in the end [we must ask]:

What is legality? Is there any doubt that a great part of the law books, particularly those of political laws, are only a cover for a government of compulsion, that is, force? If the power is in my hands (power meaning the police and the army), then I can legislate any laws suitable to my path, and afterwards any lawbreaker is a revolutionary and terrorist or anarchist. This is a very simple and accepted method. Come and you will easily see that law is based on "terror," on the means of effecting law through compulsion.

We do not deal here with legal philosophy. We only wanted to hint that the whole "complex" and legal system against terror can be easily eliminated through clear and easy excuses, that the face of those who tout the legal "democratic" way can be revealed, and we can see how great is the terror concealed in all these.

But we do not want to follow this easy path, and so we will ignore this possibility and allow citizens from right and left to live with the illusion that their methods and the methods of their government are not terror.

We will defend the most difficult stand in this case, narrowing the definition of terror to the narrow confines of threat and attempts on the life of the enemy through land mines, bombs, etc. All of society's upper crust, as is known, from the left to the right, is always "shocked" to the depths of its corrupt soul by these acts, and is willing to aid the regime in eliminating and executing these anarchistic terrorists.

He is not willing to do so, for example, if through legal means 769 people on the Struma[struma] were killed and thousand more who could have been saved were not given the chance. This is not terror, this is at worse a "bad law," "cruelty."

It is very comfortable, living behind this kind of wall of intentionally distorted concepts. And it is very easy to say that other means should be used to fight "violence." It is possible that there is a small group of Puritanical people who see all killings as forbidden.

Of course, it is difficult to argue with them if they wish to be consistent, but now the borders between defense and attack have become blurred.

The difference will never again be sharp. Not only in times of war is it clear that one must attack; it is now clear, and in the future surely will be emphasized, that one should begin by attacking before being attacked by the enemy. Similarly, no reasonable person can presume a difference between the murder of individuals and of groups ("war" in common language). Murder is murder.

It is possible that someone will want to bring excuses from other areas. "Terrorists," they will say, "attack from ambush. This is not appropriate, this is cheating, this is not heroism!" Of course, that is typical Don-Quixoteism if not intentional fooling. In the Middle Ages, when war was a sport, gentlemen's rules, chivalrous rules of how it is appropriate to kill and how it is not were set; this is permitted, and this is not.

MEANS 'TERROR' JUSTIFY THE ENDS, SEPARATION OF 'LEGALITY' and 'LEGITIMACY'-which is Carl Schmitt's legal philosophy provided for Hitler

Today war is not a sport, it's a question of life and death. Heroism is not a goal, as war is not an end. The only goal is victory.

It would be worthwhile to see and hear the man who would dare claim that before trying to save the millions of Jews who were killed in the Diaspora we would have to check if the means were moral and that it would have been forbidden to use immoral means. It is unlikely that such a man would be found, and if he were, he would undoubtedly be a degenerate. No, there is no support for the others' moral hesitations, spiritual and aesthetic. In this sensed there has been no change since the days of Ehud ben Gera and Judith. Ehud ben Gera and Judith were absolutely terrorists. They saw craftiness and murder as means to push away danger and bring victory, and they used them in the name of G d, the Lord of Israel.

Neither Jewish morality nor Jewish tradition can negate the use of terror as a means of battle.

The last excuse remains: how beneficial is it?

There was a time when the debate about terrorism was abandoned in the land of revolutions, Russia. The "revolutionaries" spilled oceans of ink against the "terrorists," the Socialists, against the Social Democrats.

The period of debate is from them forward. It was tied to the problem of the principle of "collective" and "individual" as historic factors. The estimation of the Social Republicans also underwent a substantial change. From a distance it seems there work bore a great deal of fruit, both in toppling the government and in revolutionary education, but this might only be because the question is phrased incorrectly. If the question is "an a revolution be waged or can liberty be obtained through terror?" then the answer is "No!" If the question is "Do these activities help the cause of revolution and liberation at all?" the answer is "Yes." There isn?t a big difference whether the enemy is internal (Russia) or external (Poland, France, Czechoslovakia) . In tactical terms only the negative sides of terror are seen:

the enemy is only partially hurt, only in a few limbs of his body. The movement pays dearly in casualties. Therefore, tactically all terror activities seem to have failed (even in the best case scenario, when the action succeeded).

But from a strategic point of view every action is successful. Those who write histories of revolutionary Russia must begin with the Social Democrats.

One who writes about Second Temple Jewish history must begin with Judah and Hezkiah the Galilites.

Those who write of the Serbian, Polish, and French wars of liberation will begin with the names of terrorists who threatened the life and property of the enemy, be it individually or through guerilla action.

The Jewish press in this country tends to write about and glorify the same acts when committed by others (terror actions against the Reich are excellent!) and without shame will undoubtedly renounce them when the time for our war of liberation comes. They will find thousands of excuses.

We are quite far from moral hesitations on the national battlefield. We see before us the command of the Torah, the most moral teaching in the world:

"Obliterate? until destruction."[amalek]

We are particularly far from this sort of hesitation in regard to an enemy whose moral perversion is admitted by all.

But primarily terror is part of our political battle under present conditions and its role is large and great:

Only so will the battle for liberation begin.

Notes

↑  See Struma.

↑  The words "Obliterate ... until destruction" combine two Biblical references to the Amalekites, Exodus 17:14 and Numbers 14:45: "Utterly blot out their remembrance...and destroy them completely."

↑  The Jewish community in Palestine.

Source: Translated from the original document by a professional translator commissioned by Zero. It is in the public domain according to Israeli copyright law as the author is anonymous and it was published more than 70 years ago. Scans of the Hebrew text are provided: first page, second page.

From <https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/User:Zero0000/LehiTerror>

User:Zero0000

Mainly I edit on the English Wikipedia, where I have been an administrator since 2004. Unless you want to contact me on matters directly concerning Wikisource, please use my talk page over there rather than the one here.

 

From <https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/User:Zero0000>


U.S. State Dept Cables | RE Zionist Terrorism, Jewish Refusal to Accept Partition Plan

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1948, The Near East, South Asia, and Africa, Volume V, Part 2

867N.01/6–2548

Memorandum by the Acting Secretary of State to the Presidents Special Counsel (Clifford)

 secret

Washington, June 28, 1948.

Subject: Activities of the Irgun Zvai Leumi and Stern Gang in Palestine

I wish to draw your especial attention to the two attached telegrams from Jerusalem (963 of June 24 and 973 of June 25).

As you know, we have been working on a plan for the internationalization of Jerusalem and have had some indication that the International Red Cross would be willing to cooperate in such a venture. Before the present truce they had succeeded in establishing three security zones in Jerusalem where non-combatants could take refuge, and it has been our hope that the idea of a security zone could be spread to include all of Jerusalem.

While there have been minor violations of the truce, it has to date been reasonably well observed by both the Jews and the Arabs. However, telegram no. 963 presents a rather alarming picture of the activities of the Irgun and Stern Gang. It appears that both groups have succeeded in bringing reinforcements into the city during the truce period and are now fortifying the strategic positions within the city. Dr. Joseph, Chairman of the Jewish Jerusalem Emergency Committee, has informed the Truce Commission that he is unable to be responsible for the acts of the Irgun and Stern Gang in Jerusalem. Telegram no. 973 of June 25 summarizes a circular of the Stern Gang which constitutes a veiled threat against the American, French, Belgian and Swedish observers now in Palestine. They characterize these observers as a “foreign body hostile to us which penetrated into our country under guise of neutrality”.

Further difficulties which the Provisional Government of Israel is fading are illustrated by the incident at Tel Aviv in which an Irgun [Page 1155] ship operated by the Peter Bergson group engaged in open conflict with Hagannah.1

I fear that the situation in Jerusalem may become increasingly serious and threaten the whole structure of the present truce. For this reason I suggest that you show the President the two telegrams attached.

Robert A. Lovett

From <https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1948v05p2/d419>

 

Text of Suggestions Presented by Count Bernadotte, at Rhodes, to the Two Parties on June 28, 19481

June 28, 1948

[Here follows Part I, the introductory statement, in which the Mediator interpreted his role “not as one involving the handing down of decisions on the future situation in Palestine, but as one of offering suggestions on the basis of which further discussions might take place and possibly counter-suggestions be put forth looking toward a peaceful settlement of this difficult problem. My suggestions at this stage, then, must clearly be of such nature as to provide a reasonable framework of reference within which the two parties may find it possible to continue their consultations with me toward the end of a peaceful adjustment.”]

Part II. Suggestions Presented by the Mediator on Palestine

The Mediator advanced the following suggestions as a possible basis for discussion:

Part III. Annex to the Suggestions: Territorial Matters

With regard to paragraph 2 of the suggestions, it is considered that certain territorial arrangements might be worthy of consideration. These might be along the following lines:

Count Folke Bernadotte

United Nations Mediator on Palestine

From <https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1948v05p2/d418>

 

867N.01/6–2848: Telegram

The Chargé in Egypt (Patterson) to the Secretary of State

confidential

Cairo, June 28, 1948—9 a. m.

857. Embassy unable to verify as correct report Israel would bar 300,000 Arab refugees from Jewish state (Deptel 843, June 21, 19481). It is suggested that while such action can no doubt be justified by Israel as necessary security measure for new state, its application probably would 

(1) confirm current Arab view that no peace or security exists for Arabs if Jewish state is permitted and that statements by Zionists that they seek Arab friendship have no basis in fact; 

(2) convince Arabs that real intention of Jews is to dispossess refugee Arabs of property and enterprises in Israel in order to provide space and economic opportunities for Jewish immigrants.

Action would, therefore, probably intensify Arab bitterness towards Jews everywhere and possibly lead to recriminatory action against Jews in Arab section Palestine and in Arab states including eviction and confiscation of property.

[COMMENT - RECRIMINATION FROM ARAB COUNTRIES IS PRESUMABLY A GOAL OF ISRAELI ZIONISTS SEEKING TO POPULATE ISRAEL WITH ARAB JEWS since Hitler Holocausted the Supply of European Jews originally intended for the Zionist Project. The Holocaust was a DISASTER for Zionism which had literally counted on emigration from Europe--Mizrahi and Sephardic Jews living in northern Africa and the near-east had been regarded as inferior, less affluent, and less educated; but they would have to do]

Sent Department 857, paraphrase to Arab capitals.

Patterson

From <https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1948v05p2/d420>

 

501.BB Palestine/6–2848: Telegram

The Secretary of State to the Acting United States Representative at the United Nations (Jessup)

 top secret

us urgent

Washington, June 28, 1948—6 p. m.

436. With reference to Lie’s note of June 251 requesting that the Belgian, French and US Govts supply contingents in equal numbers to make up the 1,000 man UN guard for Jerusalem to be at the disposal of the UN Mediator, please make the following reply to SYG Lie:

As members of the SC Truce Commission we agree to the formula [Page 1156] he has suggested, that members of the Jerusalem guard be recruited from nationals of the govts which compose the Truce Commission; i.e., Belgium, France and the US.

However, we are not in a position to second American forces for UN guard duty, nor are we able to recruit American citizens for such duty.

Please inform SYG Lie that we believe the most efficacious manner of handling this question would be for himself, as Secretary General, to employ 333 American citizens for UN guard duty in Jerusalem, and that he send representatives to France and Belgium to gather similar contingents in those countries. We prefer and think it wise that this be a UN effort under the responsibility and powers of the SYG. As indicated Deptel 419, June 23, we believe that Jerusalem guard should be entirely distinct from Lie’s projected UN guard.

Repeated to Paris as 2344, Brussels as 990, London as 2435, Jerusalem 665.

Marshall

From <https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1948v05p2/d421>

 

501.BB Palestine/6–2948: Telegram

The Chargé in Egypt (Patterson) to the Secretary of State

confidential

Cairo, June 29, 1948—4 p. m.

875. Conversations Arab League officials and representatives Arab states since my telegram 778, June 16, suggest Bernadotte personally, and his mission, have lost influence with many leading Arabs. Failure to take vigorous action in alleged Jewish violations of truce as in Altalena incident at Tel Aviv and by Irgun and Stern at Jerusalem has raised concern as to ability or willingness to redress balance as announced. Bundle’s connection with Anglo-American commission which recommended partition has also raised doubt his disinterestedness. Current opinion inclined to regard every US action as calculated not to produce lasting peace, but to hamper Arabs and assist Jews. Consequently, Bernadotte’s mission held merely another UN instrument forged by US to support Jewish state. Press also points to US Jews among military observers as indicative America’s lack of neutrality. Foreign Office official informally expressed view to me today that US exchange diplomatic representative with Israel was regarded by Arabs as violation truce since it violated status quo through implication that US supported Jewish state.1

[Page 1157]

According to Military Attaché here, Egyptian military authorities have stated that US military observers in Palestine imply that full information concerning Arab positions will eventually fall into Jewish hands and that Military Attaché can no longer count cooperation Egyptian military authorities with his office.

Local attitude remains antagonistic to US. Sentiment stimulated by unilateral British action in Sudan also running high against British for refusal arms contrary to treaties, although American pressure on Great Britain is generally held to be responsible. Arab circles already suggesting that Britain can hardly break treaties at will, at same time it insists on strict treaty observance by Arabs.

Patterson

From <https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1948v05p2/d422>

 

501.BB Palestine/6–3048: Telegram

The Consul General at Jerusalem (Macdonald) to the Secretary of State

secret

Jerusalem, June 30, 1948—4 p. m.

1009. During official call today on Commander Shaltiel, Jewish military commander Jerusalem, possibility of extending truce was mentioned. He said Israel does not desire extension for political and military reasons. He accused Arabs of constant violations truce stressing chiefly their refusal supply water Jerusalem. He also stated HMG is advising Transjordan ruler not to agree to renewal of truce and encouraging Arab Legion to resume hostilities.

Bernard Joseph, chairman Jewish Jerusalem Emergency Command liaison officer Truce Commission, claims Jews should not have agreed to truce as they were on verge of military victory. [TYPICAL] He does not think truce will be extended and judging from his remarks he is not in favor of extension.

Consensus Jews Jerusalem is that truce will not be extended. Jewish leaders give impression of feeling confident of military victory. If truce not extended they will undoubtedly try place entire blame on Arabs in hope of increasing pro-Jewish sympathy in US and repeal of arms embargo.

[Page 1159]

Arab attitude re truce extension will be reported after calls on Arab leaders tomorrow.

Macdonald

From <https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1948v05p2/d424>

The Chargé in Egypt (Patterson) to the Secretary of State

secret

Cairo, June 30, 1948—4 p. m.

881. Amir Faisal today gave Ireland further details Bernadotte’s suggestions which were confirmed by Syrian Prime Minister Mardam Bey. Suggestions advocate two states Jewish and Arab with common functions including economics. Jewish state to be established within boundaries set up by UN with relinquishment of Negeb in exchange for certain areas including western Galilee. Immigration to be unlimited. Arab state to be Transjordan plug Arab section Palestine. Future of Jaffa to be settled by negotiation.

[ZIO-CONS backed by USA et al SWINDLED THE ARABS IN NEGOTIATIONS]

Amir Faisal and Mardam while acknowledging Bernadotte had couched suggestions in conciliatory language and had requested they not be rejected out of hand made it clear that suggestions were unacceptable. Faisal declared suggestions denied everything Arabs sought and gave Jews everything they were seeking. Mardam declared suggestions worse than partition since if accepted would make Transjordan a Jewish colony through joint economic functions and constitute even greater menace to Arab world. Both clearly indicated opposition to aggrandizement Abdullah.

Amir Faisal declared that unless better suggestions forthcoming Arabs would have no choice but resume fighting July 9 notwithstanding consequences to Arabs through inability secure arms and possible UN sanctions including lifting arms embargo by US. Declared recent events showed Jews getting arms from US and hence lifting embargo would not greatly alter their situation. US must also be aware that Arabs could impose sanctions including cancellation oil concessions. He said withdrawal concessions did not mean Arabia would not reoffer them as to Belgium Italy or even Russia. Latter might lead to unfortunate results but cited Arab proverb “drowning man will grasp even a serpent.”

Ireland gained unmistakable impression that weight of both Faisal and Mardam Bey would be thrown against acceptance Bernadotte’s present suggestions or any proposal to extend truce. Both declared they had opposed acceptance truce and that events had shown their arguments justified.

Sent Department as 881; repeated London as 66; paraphrase by pouch to Arab capitals.

Patterson

From <https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1948v05p2/d425>

 

501.BB Palestine/5–448

Draft Memorandum by the Director of the Office of United Nations Affairs (Rusk) to the Under Secretary of State (Lovett)1

secret

[Washington,] May 4, 1948.

Subject: Future Course of Events in Palestine

The refusal of the Jewish Agency last night to agree to our proposal for on-the-spot truce negotiations in Palestine on the grounds that they could not accept the “moral obligation” to undertake such conversations rather clearly reveals the intention of the Jews to go steadily ahead with the Jewish separate state by force of arms. While it is possible that Arab acceptance of our proposal might place the Jewish Agency in such a position vis-à-vis public opinion that it would have to go through the motions of looking for a truce, it seems clear that in light of the Jewish military superiority which now obtains in Palestine, the Jewish Agency will prefer to round out its State after May 15 and rely on its armed strength to defend that state from Arab counterattack.

Military operations after May 15 will probably be undertaken by the Haganah with the assistance of the Jewish terrorist organizations Irgun and Stern. Copies of Consul General Wasson’s excellent reports, as set forth in his telegram 530 of May 3, are attached, and provide the estimate of the British General Officer Commanding as to the probable course of military events after British withdrawal on May 15.

If these predictions come true we shall find ourselves in the UN confronted by a very anomalous situation. The Jews will be the actual aggressors against the Arabs. However, the Jews will claim that they [Page 895] are merely defending the boundaries of a state which were traced by the UN and approved, at least in principle, by two-thirds of the UN membership. The question which will confront the SC in scarcely ten days’ time will be whether Jewish armed attack on Arab communities in Palestine is legitimate or whether it constitutes such a threat to international peace and security as to call for coercive measures by the Security Council.

The situation may be made more difficult and less clear-cut if, as is probable, Arab armies from outside Palestine cross the frontier to aid their disorganized and demoralized brethren who will be the objects of Jewish attack. In the event of such Arab outside aid the Jews will come running to the Security Council with the claim that their state is the object of armed aggression and will use every means to obscure the fact that it is their own armed aggression against the Arabs inside Palestine which is the cause of Arab counter-attack.

There will be a decided effort, given this eventuality, that the United States will be called upon by elements inside this country to support Security Council action against the Arab states. To take such action would seem to me to be morally indefensible while, from the aspect of our relations with the Middle East and of our broad security aspects in that region, it would be almost fatal to pit forces of the United States and possibly Russia against the governments of the Arab world.

Given this almost intolerable situation, the wisest course of action might be for the United States and Great Britain, with the assistance of France, to undertake immediate diplomatic action seeking to work out a modus vivendi between Abdullah of Transjordan and the Jewish Agency. This modus vivendi would call for, in effect, a de facto partition of Palestine along the lines traced by Sir Arthur Creech Jones in his remark to Ambassador Parodi on May 2, as indicated on Page 3 of USUN’s telegram [549], May 2,2 which has been drawn to your attention.

In effect, Abdullah would cut across Palestine from Transjordan to the sea at Jaffa, would give Ibn Saud a port at Aqaba and appease the Syrians by some territorial adjustment in the northern part, leaving the Jews a coastal state running from Tel Aviv to Haifa. If some modus vivendi along these lines could be worked out peaceably, the United Nations could give its blessing to the deal.3

From <https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1948v05p2/d210>

Palestine - ZIONIST Terror Campaigns | Overview

Book | Zionist Terrorist Groups Indiscriminately KILLED Arabs, Brits and Jews

TERROR OUT OF ZION - IRGUN ZVAI LEUMI, LEHI, AND THE PALESTINE UNDERGROUND, 1929-1949

NCJ Number 62309 Author(s) J B BELL  Date Published 1977  Length 385 pages

Annotation

THE HISTORY, LEADERSHIP, AND ACTIVITIES OF THE MILITANT ZIONIST UNDERGROUND ARMY, THE IRGUN ZVAI LEUMI, ARE INVESTIGATED, AS WELL AS THE ACTIVITIES OF THE STERN GROUP AND THE HAGANAH, DURING THE YEARS 1929-1949.

Abstract

In 1929, Jewish Arab conflict in Palestine produced many deaths on both sides, despite efforts of the occupying British army to keep peace.

HAGANAH: The Haganah had been established by Jewish administrative officials to provide what proved to be limited self-defense for Jewish communities, with orders not to engage in indiscriminate attacks on Arabs. Cooperation with British security forces was haganah policy.

IRGUN: During this period of increasing hostilities between Arabs and jews, the Irgun was formed upon the leadership of Vladimir Jabotinsky to assume an offensive terrorist strategy against the Arabs with apparently arbitrary violence against Arab populations [as well as Brits & Jews & others e.g. the King David Bombing].

LEHI (the Stern Gang): Another underground Jewish terrorist group, lohamey heruth Israel (fighters for the freedom of Israel) or Lehi, was formed under the leadership of Avraham Stern and came to be perceived by conventional eyes as the most violent and unrestrained terrorist organization of the modern era.

Whereas the haganah acted as an underground militia and the Irgun as an underground army, Lehi focused on the assassinations of significant British officials, the most notable being the murder of British ambassador Moyne in Egypt.

The Irgun, with leadership passing from Jabotinsky to Menachem begin, continued its aggression against the Arabs and the British occupiers (frequently in joint actions with Lehi) until partitioning of Palestine occurred by united nations action.

Israeli government officials sought nonviolent and accommodating resolutions to Arab Israeli conflicts, leading to the censure of Irgun in the interest of a unified, official policy of moderation. Begin eventually dismantled Irgun to establish a legitimate political party.

While the moderates of Zionism and Israeli officialdom viewed the violent activities of Irgun and Lehi as a moral blight on the Jewish people and destructive of efforts at peaceful resolutions of conflicts, others viewed these groups and their members as the most dedicated, sacrificial, and effective contributors to the Zionist cause. An index is provided. (rcb) - Corporate author St martin's press

...Download link

REVIEW 

B. M. J. Wasserstein, J. Bowyer Bell. Terror out of Zion: Irgun Zvai Leumi, LEHI, and the Palestine Underground, 1929–1949. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1977. Pp. xi, 374. $13.95, The American Historical Review, Volume 83, Issue 1, February 1978, Pages 243–244, [link], https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/83.1.243 

 

The recent assumption of power in Israel by the former head of the Irgun Zuai Leumi terrorist group has given a sudden topicality to this account of the militant Zionist fringe of the 1940s. Menahem Begin would probably not dissent from the

central argument of this book that the Irgun and the even more extreme LEHI (or Stern gang) "were considerably more important than common wisdom would allow." 

The author, who describes himself as "an innocent Episcopalian with slightly liberal leanings," stresses that he has "no niche in the jungle of Zionist politics." It must be said that, up to a point, his claim to disinterestedness is borne out in this book. There is much here which diverges from the standard Irgun version of Zionist history: 

in particular, the recent claim by Begin that the Irgun never intentionally attacked civilian targets is here exploded. The endless chronicle of bomb attacks, assassinations, and cynical vendettas, of which the victims were almost as often Jews as British or Arabs, is presented here in gory and sickening detail. 

J. Bowyer Bell writes in a breath- less, boys' adventure story; "blood n' guts" style which may not endear him to an academic au- dience.

CRITICISM OF BUY-IN TO TERRORISTS’ POV

If the book succeeds to some éxtent as a chronicle, it fails dismally as an analysis.- Like much of Revisionist Zionist historiography, this book is long on assertion and short on argument. 

He is, for example, too ready to accept that the Zionist leader, Arlosoroff, was murdered by an Arab rather than by a right-wing Zionist fanatic; and he swallows the martyrological tale that Stern (eponymous leader of the gang) was shot in cold blood by a British policeman. The latter is a story that was recently dismissed (with £4,000 damages paid for libel) in the British High Court.

B. M. J. WASSERSTEIN University of Sheffield

Read a Review of Wassertein's meticulous analysis of British archives for a remarkable assessment of Britain's culpability for the Holocaust-Not merely standing by, but actively blocking exit routes of Jews to anywhere

2023Nov TRT | A Lookback at the Zionist Terrorism that led to Israel’s Creation

While a lot of western focus is on operation carried out by Hamas, little is being said about the years-long terror campaign launched by the Zionists in the 1940s.

https://tinyurl.com/isr23-zionist-terror

A Lookback at the Zionist Terrorism that led to Israel’s Creation

While a lot of western focus is on operation carried out by Hamas, little is being said about the years-long terror campaign launched by the Zionists in the 1940s.

by Murat Sofuoglu

After the October 7 attack, Western leaders ranging from the US President Joe Biden to British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak and French President Emmanuel Macron were quick to condemn Hamas, at times comparing it to the terrorist group Daesh. …continue reading

From <https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/a-lookback-at-the-zionist-terrorism-that-led-to-israels-creation-15767166>

Murat Sofuoglu is a staff writer at TRT World.

The Transfer Agreement between the Jewish Agency and Hitler (circumventing boycott-Jews for German Goods)

Ninety years ago a negotiated 'transfer' led more than 50,000 German Jews to Palestine

by Jean-Pierre Filiu | Historian and professor at Sciences Po Paris   LeMonde 6 Aug 2023

The August 1933 agreement between the Jewish Agency and the Nazi regime enabled some 53,000 Jews to emigrate from Germany to Palestine over the following six years.

Published on August 6, 2023, at 12:36 pm (Paris), updated on August 9, 2023, at 8:39 am 3 min read Subscribers only

This year, which marks the 75th anniversary of the state of Israel, there is one commemoration that certainly will not take place. Ninety years ago, on August 7, 1933, the Zionist movement finalized a "transfer" agreement, known in Hebrew as haavara, with Adolf Hitler's Germany.

The Nazi regime gained a valuable means of circumventing the international boycott campaign that its antisemitic policies had provoked. The Jewish Agency supervised a "transfer" of both people and capital to British Mandate Palestine, where Jewish immigrants would recover the value of their assets placed in an escrow account in Germany and exchanged for exported German goods.

The Zionist movement, which had become the only authorized Jewish organization in Nazi Germany, was thereby able to "transfer" around 53,000 Jews to Palestine, saving them from persecution.

Read more Subscribers only In Greece, a series is finally talking about the fate of the Jews of Thessaloniki

A highly contested agreement

The Zionist movement had scored its first historic victory in 1917, when Great Britain pledged its support for "the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people." Five years later, this commitment, known as the Balfour Declaration, was incorporated into the charter of the mandate over former Ottoman Palestine entrusted to the United Kingdom by the League of Nations.

While Jews represented only one in 10 of Palestine's inhabitants then, this proportion had more than doubled by 1933, as a result of Zionist voluntarism encouraged by the British authorities. Palestine had approximately 235,000 Jews and 900,000 Arabs at that time. Jewish immigration was supervised, on behalf of the World Zionist Organization, by the Jewish Agency, based in Palestine and appointed to issue residence visas.

Adolf Hitler's accession to power in Berlin on January 30, 1933, was soon followed by a wave of antisemitic measures, prompting Jewish organizations and others to launch an international boycott. But Haim Arlosoroff – who, as the Jewish Agency's political director, was in charge of international relations – advocated negotiations with the Nazis, with a goal of "transferring" as many German Jews as possible to Palestine.

Haim Arlosoroff, head of the Jewish Agency's political department. ALAMY STOCK PHOTO

After a secret mission to Berlin, this Socialist leader drew up an equally secret plan to this effect on May 19. While the Labor left, led by David Ben-Gurion, had a majority in the Zionist movement, their rivals on the Revisionist right condemned the very principle of talks with Berlin.

Arlosoroff was assassinated in Tel Aviv on June 16, a still-unsolved murder that aroused deep emotion (with tens of thousands of people attending his funeral), as well as numerous incidents between Labor and Revisionist activists.

Continue reading…

https://www.lemonde.fr/en/history/article/2023/08/06/90-years-ago-a-negotiated-transfer-led-over-50-000-german-jews-to-palestine_6082440_157.html

 

Responses to Transfer Agreement (Haavara_Agreement in Hebrew)

Source Wikipedia

The agreement was controversial both within the Nazi party and in the Zionist movement.[23] As historian Edwin Black put it, "The Transfer Agreement tore the Jewish world apart, turning leader against leader, threatening rebellion and even assassination."[24] Opposition came from the mainstream US leadership of the World Zionist Congress, in particular Abba Hillel Silver and American Jewish Congress president Rabbi Stephen Wise.[25] Wise and other leaders of the Anti-Nazi boycott of 1933 argued against the agreement, narrowly failing to persuade the Nineteenth Zionist Congress in August 1935 to vote against it.[24]

The right-wing Revisionist Zionists and their leader Vladimir Jabotinsky were even more vocal in their opposition.[26] The Revisionist newspaper in Palestine, Hazit Haam published a sharp denunciation of those involved in the agreement as "betrayers", and shortly afterwards one of the negotiators, Haim Arlosoroff was assassinated.[24]

 

From <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haavara_Agreement>

 

 

The Transfer Agreement | by Edwin Black

CSPAN BOOK DISCUSSION | October 30, 2009 | Cspan link to video

Edwin Black talked about his book The Transfer Agreement: The Dramatic Story of the Pact Between the Third Reich and Jewish Palestine (Dialog Press; 25th anniversary ed. August 25, 2009). He pieced together the story of an agreement made between Hitler’s government and a group of Zionist leaders in 1933. The agreement called for the transfer of 55,000 Jews and $100 million to Palestine in exchange for calling off a planned economic boycott of Nazi Germany by Jewish organizations.

For his only planned presentation on the release of the 25th anniversary edition of his controversial volume Edwin Black was interviewed by Rabbi Stuart Weinblatt. He also responded to questions from members of the audience and those submitted in advance electronically. Mitchell Bard moderated.

This event at Barnes & Noble Booksellers in Rockville, Maryland, at 2:30 p.m. Friday, October 30, 2009, was sponsored by the History News Network and cosponsored by Jewish Virtual Library, State of California Center

From <https://www.c-span.org/video/?289751-1/the-transfer-agreement>

 

 

Why Gaza Matters

Since Antiquity, the Territory Has Shaped the Quest for Power in the Middle East

 By Jean-Pierre Filiu

January 1, 2024

 

CONTINUE READING

From <https://www.foreignaffairs.com/middle-east/why-gaza-matters>

 


TERRORISM Archives | NYT-FBI-CIA

Jewish Terrorism-From the Archives of the New York Times


LINK.   "Weaponized Zionism and the Palestinian Genocide"

"Zionist Jewish Terrorism: 1868 - 1948 from the Archives of the New York Times," By Jeffrey Prager.  269p, 2018. 250 megs download

Archives (CIA, DOD, MI5, et al): Menachem Begin files

Fbi files Irgun Zvai Leumi

 From <https://vault.fbi.gov/Irgun%20Zvai%20Leumi>

 

https://vault.fbi.gov/Irgun%20Zvai%20Leumi

 

=======================#nextdoc CIA FILES

CIA FILES (SELECTED)

 

PROFILE MENACHEM BEGIN

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/1977-07-07.pdf

 

MENACHEM BEGIN MEDICAL ILLNESS -

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP80-00630A000100060001-3.pdf

 

OVERVIEW OF THE IRGUN

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/DOC_0001225544.pdf

R&A 2012 - 13 October 1944 9 pages

 

RELENTLESS ISRAELI PROPAGANDA MACHINE

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp81m00980r002000090173-0


from paperless archives

https://downloads.paperlessarchives.com/p/tzuig6/

British Intelligence - CIA - DOD Files & more

Menachem Begin

IRGUN - Jewish Underground

FBI - British Intelligence – CIA - Department of Defense Files, & more.

 

8,207 pages of Menachem Begin and IRGUN, the Jewish Underground,  the establishment of the State of Israel and Begin as Prime Minister FBI, British Intelligence MI5 MI6, CIA, Department of Defense files, and international press monitoring covering Begin.

 

Menachem Begin was born in Brest-Litovsk, Poland on August 16, 1913. He was educated at the Mizrachi Hebrew School and the Polish Gymnasium (High School). In 1931, he entered Warsaw University and earned a law degree in 1935. Until the age of 13 he belonged to the Hashomer Hatza'ir scout movement, and at the age of 16 joined Betar (Brit Trumpeldor), the nationalist youth movement associated with the Zionist Revisionist Movement. In 1932 he became head of the Organization Department of Betar for Poland traveling on its behalf throughout the country. In 1937 he returned to Poland, and for a time was imprisoned for leading a demonstration in front of the British Legation in Warsaw, protesting against British policy in Palestine. He organized groups of Betar members who went to Palestine as illegal immigrants, and in 1939 became the head of the movement in Poland. On the outbreak of World War II, he was arrested by the Russian authorities and in 1940-41 was confined in concentration camps in Siberia and elsewhere but was released under the terms of the Stalin Sikorski agreement.

 

Menachem Begin came to prominence as an advocate of the view that mainstream Zionist groups were too accommodating with the British authorities in pre-1948 Palestine, and advocated the use of force to establish a Jewish state. On his release he joined the Polish army and was transferred to the Middle East. After demobilization, in 1943, he assumed command of the Irgun Zvati Leumi (National Military Organization), known by the initials of its Hebrew name as "Etzel".  Claiming that the British had reneged on their original promise of the Balfour Declaration, and that the White Paper of 1939 restricting Jewish immigration was an escalation of their pro-Arab policy, he decided to break with the Haganah, which continued to cooperate militarily with the British as long as they were fighting Nazi Germany. Soon after he assumed command, a formal 'Declaration of Revolt' was publicized, and armed attacks against British forces were initiated. The IRGUN’s attacks on British targets in Palestine made him one of the most wanted men in the region. The Palestine Government offered a reward of £10,000 for information leading to his arrest.

 

As the leader of Irgun, Begin played a central role in Jewish military resistance to the British Mandate of Palestine, but was strongly deplored and consequently sidelined by mainstream Zionist leadership. Begin issued a call to arms and from 1945 to 1948 the Irgun launched an all-out armed rebellion, perpetrating hundreds of attacks against British installations and posts. The Jewish Agency, headed by David Ben-Gurion, did not take kindly to the IRGUN’s independent agenda, regarding it a defiance of the Agency’s authority as the representative body of the Jewish community in Palestine. Ben-Gurion openly denounced the Irgun as the “enemy of the Jewish People”, accusing it of sabotaging the political campaign for independence.  Growing numbers of British forces were deployed to quell the Jewish uprising, yet Begin managed to elude captivity, at times disguised as a Rabbi.

 

In 1947, Begin met in secret with several members of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine as well as the foreign press, to explain the outlook of his movement. In November 1947, the UN adopted the Partition Plan for Palestine, and Britain announced its plans to fully withdraw from Palestine by May 1948. Within days of the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel on May 14, 1948 Begin broadcast a speech on radio calling on his men to put down their weapons and join with the Haganah to form the newly established Israel Defense Forces (IDF). It was the first time that the public had ever heard his voice. As the Israeli War of Independence broke, IRGUN fighters joined forces with the Haganah and Lehi militia in fighting the Arab forces. Notable operations in which they took part were the battles of Jaffa, Haifa, and the Jordanian siege on the Jewish Quarter in the Old City of Jerusalem.

 

After the establishment of the State of Israel, Begin founded the right-wing political party Herut ("Freedom"), which would eventually evolve into the present-day Likud party. On June 1, 1967, Begin joined the Government of National Unity in which he served as Minister without Portfolio until August 4, 1970. Suffering eight consecutive defeats in the years preceding his premiership, Begin came to embody the opposition to the Labor Party, Ashkenazi Mapai-led establishment. On June 20, 1977, Mr. Menachem Begin, head of the Likud party, after having won the Knesset elections on May 17, 1977, presented the new Government to the Knesset and became Prime Minister of Israel. Despite having established himself as a fervent conservative ideologist, Begin’s first significant achievement as Prime Minister was to negotiate the Camp David Accords with President Sadat of Egypt, agreeing on the full withdrawal of the Israel Defense Forces from the Sinai Peninsula and its return to Egypt in 1978. Together with Anwar Sadat, the two won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1978.

 

Yet in the years to follow, especially during his second term in office from 1981, Begin’s government was to reclaim a nationalist agenda, promoting the expansion of Jewish settlements in the Israeli-occupied territories. In 1981, Begin ordered the bombing and destruction of Iraq's Tammuz nuclear reactor in Osirak by the Israeli Air Force, in a successful long-range operation called Operation Opera. Begin launched a limited invasion into southern Lebanon in 1982, which quickly escalated into full-fledged war. Begin resigned as the sixth Prime Minister of Israel in 1983. Menachem Begin died in Tel Aviv in 1992.

 

 

CIA FILES

 

101 pages of CIA files dating from 1945 to 1948.

 

Files contain Palestine situation reports discussing: Strategic considerations in relation to U.S. interests; Political Situations; Economic Situations Foreign Affairs; Military Situations.

 

 A 1947 report examines the consequences of partitioning Palestine. Topics include: Political consequences, Religious pressures, Tribal pressure, probable attitudes of Arab governments, probable actions of Arab governments, Aims of a Jewish state, Attitude of the Soviet Union, and Military consequences. The report contains information about the strengths of Irgun,  Haganah,  and the Stern Gang.

 

A CIA report titled, "Report on Clandestine Air Transport Operations Outside US Continental Limits Involving US Citizens and US-Owned Aircraft," examines Americans arranging for flights of arms to assist the Jewish underground movement in Palestine.

 

Other report titles include, "Possible Developments from the Palestine Truce" and "Probable Effects on Israel and the Arab States of a UN Arms Embargo."

 

 

CIA Camp David Israel-Egypt Peace Plan Files

 

106 pages of CIA files reporting to the Carter White House on issue surrounding the Camp David Israel-Egypt Peace Plan.

 

 

British Security Service MI5 MI6 Files

 

253 pages of British Security files on Menachem Begin dating from 1929 to 1955. These files were not released until 2006.

 

British Security files on Menachem Begin composed of compiled reports on Begin's  movements, contacts and activities drawn from various sources. The files include details about Menachem Begin's early life. The files contain conflicting content on whether or not Begin served in Spain with the International Brigade. The file includes a photograph purportedly of Begin with comrades in Spain, but also information from other sources suggesting that he was elsewhere for the duration of the Spanish Civil War.

 

The files contain: Information, from an informant code named CHEST, on Begin's activities. Extracts from intercepted letters from underground leaders including Begin. Reference reports of information gained from interrogation of IRGUN members. Intelligence report on Begin's relationship with Ben Gurion. Information concerning his political activity in Israel. Surveillance reports on Begin's political party the Herut Group.

 

The possibility of Soviet control of Begin´s Irgun organization is one of the key concerns of the file. The files record various terrorist acts attributed to that organization. The file includes a Polish Security Middle East group report on Jewish terrorist activities, dated April 1945; and a report of intelligence sourced from Chilik Weizmann by the Secret Intelligence Service that Begin had undergone cosmetic surgery in February 1947 to conceal his identity (the SIS report comments dryly that "We have no description of the new face").

 

Later files focus on Menachem Begin´s post-war travels and meetings in Europe and the Americas. There is an April 1953 case summary, including details of the possible connections between Begin and the Russian intelligence service in which an agent writes,  "…the answer would appear to be that Begin was probably not a Soviet agent in the sense that he was working for the RIS…but that there is some slight possibility that during 1947 he might have accepted or even sought Soviet financial assistance for the terrorist organization."

 

 

FBI FILES

 

293 pages of FBI files dating from 1947 to 1949 covering IRGUN and Hagnah. Files contain approximately 85 narrative pages. Files give basic background information on Irgun and Hagnah. Topics include: Possible violation of the Foreign Agents Registration Act and the Neutrality Act. Publicity for a planned Begin 1948 visit. FBI investigation into whether Begin should be admitted into the US. The files contain a FBI collection of newspaper articles on militant acts against British targets.

 

 

Foreign Relations of The United States, 1977–1980, Volume IX, Arab-Israeli Dispute, August 1978–December 1980, Second, Revised Edition

 

The 1.450-page Office of the Historian, United States Department of State’s documentary history of the construction of a framework for the Camp David peace plant, August 8–September 17, 1978, Negotiating the Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty, and search from peace in the region beyond the Camp David agreement.

 

Primary composed of transcripts of Presidential papers, White House records, Zbigniew Brzezinski material and staff material, President Carter’s correspondence with foreign leaders, Department of State documents, supporting documentation generated by Department of Defense, the Central Intelligence Agency, and others agencies.

 

 

U.S. Government Foreign Press Monitoring

 

5,100 pages of foreign press monitoring containing with material related to Menachem Begin.

 

Media monitoring reports from 1977 to 1982, produced by the U.S. government's National Technical Information Service's U.S. Joint Publication Research Service. These 5,100 pages of reports focuses on the Middle East and North Africa. They contain information primarily from foreign newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language sources are translated into English.

 

These 5,100 pages of serial reports contains information on socio-economic, government, political, and technical developments in the countries of the Near East and North Africa. Press coverage from and about Afghanistan, Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Mauritania, Morocco, People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Spanish North Africa, Sudan, Sultanate of Oman, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Western Sahara, Yemen Arab Republic. 

 

It includes Arab and Israeli press reaction to the Camp David Accords. This reporting contains samples of Arab and Israeli press reaction to the results of the Camp David Summit Conference. All the material is in the form of editorials, commentaries, and cartoons; and it is selected from some of the most important Arabic, Hebrew, French, and English language newspapers and periodicals published in most of the Arab states and in Israel. Some of the material is from Arabic-language sources published in Paris and London.

 

Other major news events includes reporting to the 1977 Israel general elections bringing Begin to the head of the Israeli government.  Israel's 1982 invasion into Lebanon. Reports include over 100 cartoons from the Arab press on the Lebanon Crisis. Israeli political events toward the end of Begin's Premiership.

 

 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE REPORTS 

 

645 pages of Department of Defense Reports.

 

Irgun Zvai Leumi: The Jewish Terrorist Element of TheArab-Israeli Conflict (1985)

 

An historical assessment (1895-1948) of the development and effectiveness of the Irgun during the struggle for an independent Jewish state, by Air Force MAJOR JAMES LARRY FIELDS.

 

Abstract:  There is a broad variety of literature that examines the moral, psychological, and sociological aspects of terrorism. Current terrorist organizations from all over the world tend to adopt the tactics and techniques of past successful terrorist organizations. One past successful organization was the IRGUN ZVAI LEUMI, the Jewish terrorist element of the pre-1949 Zionist movement. This project provides an historical assessment (1895-1948) of the development and effectiveness of the Irgun during the struggle for an independent Jewish state. The Irgun's methodology, tactics and leadership are contrasted to today's Palestine Liberation Organization. Also the Irgun's impact on future terrorist organizations is approached.

 

 

Jewish -- Zionist Terrorism and The Establishment of Israel (1977)

 

A thesis by John Louis Peeke, Captain, United States Air Force.

 

Abstract: Terrorist bombings of public buildings, attacks on public

officials, hijackings and assassinations of political leaders are

not new phenomena in Middle East politics. In recent history,

incidents initiated by the Palestine Liberation Organization and

its various components have captured headlines around the world.

As recently as World War II, however, another terrorist war was

fought over the same territory and for the same purposes--the

creation of a Palestinian state. This time, though, the terrorists were Jewish. This paper looks at the activities of the Jewish "terror" organizations in their quest for a Jewish state. Through three chronological, more or less parallel tracks, the paper will deal with the formation of the military and paramilitary groups, their organization, leadership philosophy and actions which eventually forced Great Britain to yield to Zionist demands for a Jewish state in Palestine.

 

 

Israel’s Attack on Osiraq: A Model for Future Preventive Strike

 

Israel’s Attack on Osiraq: A Model for Future Preventive Strike, a 79-page thesis by Major Peter S. Ford, United States Air Force. This thesis examines Osirak for lessons from a preventive attack on a non-conventional target. Ford conducted a personal interview with retired IAF Colonel Dov ‘Doobi’ Yoffe at his home in Israel after viewing the Heads Up Display (HUD) video of the 7 June 1981 strike. The video was a compilation of all Israeli Air Force F-16 aircraft that participated in the raid. It included take-off, ingress, pre-strike maneuvering, footage of the attack, post-strike defensive maneuvering, and egress back to Israel. The thesis contains information from personal interviews about the Osirak mission and the domestic political interaction preceding the strike. Aside from these first-hand sources, the thesis draws from select books on the subject. It also incorporates numerous scholarly articles, government documents, declassified information, foreign policy speeches, and media sources worldwide.

 

 

Insurgency in Iraq: An Historical Perspective

 

This 27-page monograph considers the patterns of insurgency in the past by way of establishing how much the conflict in Iraq (2003-2005) conforms to previous experience. In particular, the author compares and contrasts Iraq with previous Middle Eastern insurgencies such as those in Palestine, Aden, the Dhofar province of Oman, Algeria, and Lebanon. He suggests that there is much that can be learned from British, French, and Israeli experience. Comparisons are made with IRGUN's 1947-1949 campaign against British occupation of Palestine.

 

 

Israel: Problems and Viability

 

 A 12-page National War College student report by Colonel W.W. Connor on the outlook of the partition and the creation of the State of Israel. Covered are agreements from Balfour to Bunche, conflict of Jewish and Arab convictions, immediate problems, social and economic impact of immigration into Israel, political aspects, and the future of Israeli-Arab relations.

 

 

The Arab Position on Palestine by Kermit Roosevelt

 

A National War College transcript of a November 24, 1948 lecture presented by secretary of the Committee for Peace and Justice in the Holy Land, Kermit Roosevelt, in which he mentions IRGUN and Begin.

 

 

A Surprise Out of Zion? - Case Studies in Israel’s Decisions on

Whether to Alert the United States to Preemptive and Preventive Strikes, from Suez to the Syrian Nuclear Reactor

 

From introduction: This study seeks to use historical narrative to inform the reader’s understanding of choices both past and present, over several decades in which the U.S.-Israel relationship has grown far closer and deeper. For these purposes, we may think of Israeli leaders as falling into two categories: confronters and consulters. Israeli Prime Ministers David Ben-Gurion and Menachem Begin presented the United States with faits accomplis in 1956 and 1981, running serious risks in the bilateral relationship; by contrast, Levi Eshkol and Ehud Olmert took pains to try to see if Washington would resolve Israel’s security dilemmas in 1967 and 2007. In neither instance did consultation result in a U.S. use of force on Israel’s behalf, but in both cases, it did yield considerable dividends of U.S. understanding when Israel ultimately took matters into its own hands. From Suez on, one thing has not changed: Superpowers do not like being surprised.

 

 

“Just War” Case Study: Israeli Invasion of Lebanon in 1982

 

An essay by Marine Major Christopher A. Arantz.

 

Abstract: This essay examines Israel’s overall reasons for invasion of southern Lebanon and compares them to just war theory’s war-decision law and war-conduct law. This examination will establish that Israel achieved her objectives before war termination, which lead to some unjust actions.

 

Between 1948 and 1982 Israel had engaged in conventional combat four times against Arab coalition forces. In all cases, Israel fought for

survival of its state and established a military dominance in the region. In the years leading up to 1982, the Israeli government sought ways to

eliminate security problems in its occupied territory and across its border with southern Lebanon. Israel defined its security problems as terrorist excursions that threatened the security of its people and property in northern Israel. This paper will examine Israeli conduct of deciding to go to war and their conduct of war in relation to just war theory. Three areas will be examined; 1) Did Israel have a just cause, use a legitimate authority and the right intention for invading Lebanon as in accordance with Jus ad Bellum? 2) Did Israel conduct the conflict in accordance with Jus in Bello? 3) What are the long-term ramifications for the region since the invasion?

 

 

When David Became Goliath

 

By MAJ Christopher E. Whitting, RAAOC, Australia

 

For the first time since its establishment as a nation, and following four successive victories against various Arab conventional armies between 1948 and 1973, Israel was forced to withdraw militarily from south Lebanon in May 2000. This thesis investigates the defeat of the Israeli Defense Force by a guerilla army, Hezbollah. Rarely are the

causes of defeat on the modern battlefield simply a case of military failure. Specifically, this study will focus on the combination of factors that in unison forced the withdrawal of the Israeli Defense Force from Lebanon. The study concludes that a combination of political, military and social factors combined to force Israel to withdraw from Lebanon. A failure by Israel’s politicians to correctly identify the true nature of the problem and to link political goals to achievable military

objectives condemned the 1982 invasion from the outset. Additionally, the Israeli Defence Force was slow to adapt to guerilla warfare throughout the 18-year war, preferring to rely on the proven methods of prior conventional wars to achieve victory. Moreover, the social impact of a long and unwinnable war without a just cause impacted

severely on Israeli society weakening support for an Army whose historical role had changed from protector to aggressor.

 

 

 

IMAGE - Palestine Police Force Wanted Poster

 

Palestine Police Force wanted poster of Irgun and Lehi members. Begin appears at the top left.

 

 

Also included is an Australian Broadcasting Authority report of an investigation of an airing of a TV news program. The investigation was initiated over a complaint of inaccuracy of comparisons between Jewish underground militant actions and Palestinian militant actions.

 

The File contains a text transcript of all recognizable text embedded into the graphic image of each page of each document, creating a searchable finding aid. Text searches can be done across all material

 

From <https://downloads.paperlessarchives.com/p/tzuig6/>


TERRORISM CRIMES COMMITTED BY IRGUN & LEDI (Sternberg Gang)

ISR23 ZIONIST TERRORISM INCIDENTS

Threats on U.S. Presidents

POTUS TRUMAN'S DIARY REVEALS IRRITATION WITH SELFISH, NARCISSTIC, POWER-HUNGRY ZIONIST LEADERS

2003Jul10 WAPO  | Truman's forgotten Diary

2003jul10 WAPO Harry Truman's Forgotten Diary

1947 Writings Offer Fresh Insight on the President

By Rebecca Dana and Peter Carlson | July 10, 2003

"The Jews, I find are very, very selfish," President Harry S. Truman wrote in a 1947 diary that was recently discovered on the shelves of the Truman Library in Independence, Mo., and released by the National Archives yesterday.

From <https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/07/11/harry-trumans-forgotten-diary/97827dbd-e24f-49f6-a800-2341a0688060/>

"The Jews, I find are very, very selfish," President Harry S. Truman wrote in a 1947 diary that was recently discovered on the shelves of the Truman Library in Independence, Mo., and released by the National Archives yesterday.

Written sporadically during a turbulent year of Truman's presidency, the diary contains about 5,500 words on topics ranging from the death of his mother to comic banter with a British aristocrat. But the most surprising comments were Truman's remarks on Jews, written on July 21, 1947, after the president had a conversation with Henry Morgenthau, the Jewish former treasury secretary. Morgenthau called to talk about a Jewish ship in Palestine -- possibly the Exodus, the legendary ship carrying 4,500 Jewish refugees who were refused entry into Palestine by the British, then rulers of that land.

"He'd no business, whatever to call me," Truman wrote. "The Jews have no sense of proportion nor do they have any judgement [sic] on world affairs. Henry brought a thousand Jews to New York on a supposedly temporary basis and they stayed."

Truman then went into a rant about Jews: "The Jews, I find, are very, very selfish. They care not how many Estonians, Latvians, Finns, PoleFs, Yugoslavs or Greeks get murdered or mistreated as D[isplaced] P[ersons] as long as the Jews get special treatment. Yet when they have power, physical, financial or political neither Hitler nor Stalin has anything on them for cruelty or mistreatment to the under dog. Put an underdog on top and it makes no difference whether his name is Russian, Jewish, Negro, Management, Labor, Mormon, Baptist he goes haywire. I've found very, very few who remember their past condition when prosperity comes."

Yesterday, those comments startled scholars because Truman is known as a president who acted to help Jews in postwar Europe and who supported recognition of Israel in 1948, when his State Department opposed it.

"My reaction is: Wow! It did surprise me because of what I know about Truman's record," says Sara J. Bloomfield, director of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. "Truman's sympathy for the plight of Jews was very apparent."

ANTI-SEMITISM MALLET

But Truman's comments were, Bloomfield says, "typical of a sort of cultural anti-Semitism that was common at that time in all parts of American society. This was an acceptable way to talk."

"Truman was often critical, sometimes hypercritical, of Jews in his diary entries and in his correspondences, but this doesn't make him an anti-Semite," says John Lewis Gaddis, a professor of history at Yale University and a prominent Cold War scholar.

"Anyone who played the role he did in creating the state of Israel can hardly be regarded in that way."

 

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Throughout his presidency, which lasted from 1945 to 1953, Truman was a prolific but sporadic diarist, jotting down his thoughts in diary books and on loose pieces of paper. This newly discovered diary appeared in a book titled "The Real Estate Board of New York, Inc., Diary and Manual 1947."

The book, which begins with 160 printed pages of information about the Real Estate Board, was donated to the Truman Library in 1965, seven years before his death, and has sat on shelves there ever since. Apparently its tedious title scared scholars away and nobody noticed Truman's handwritten comments in the diary section in the back of the book until recently, when a librarian reshelving books happened to see them.

"This is probably the most important document the Truman Library has opened in 20 years," Michael J. Devine, the library's director, said in a prepared statement. "Once again, in this diary, we are able to hear that strong personal voice that Truman almost always projected in his writings."

In one memorable entry, Truman recounts a meeting at which he offered to yield the 1948 Democratic presidential nomination to Gen. Dwight Eisenhower if Gen. Douglas MacArthur campaigned for the Republican nomination.

Truman's comments on Eisenhower and MacArthur came in an entry dated July 25, 1947, years before Truman's famous firing of Gen. MacArthur during the Korean War. In the entry, he wrote of a discussion that afternoon with Eisenhower, who was then Army chief of staff.

"We discussed MacArthur and his superiority complex," Truman wrote. "Ike & I think MacArthur expects to make a Roman Triumphal return to the U.S. a short time before the Republican Convention meets in Philadelphia. I told Ike that if he did that that he (Ike) should announce for the nomination for President on the Democratic ticket and that I'd be glad to be in second place, or Vice President. I like the Senate anyway. Ike & I could be elected and my family & myself would be happy outside this great white jail known as the White House."

Truman did not reveal how Eisenhower, who was elected president as a Republican in 1952, reacted to his suggestion. He did note that he and Ike agreed to keep quiet about it: "Ike won't quot [sic] me & I won't quote him."

But Eisenhower did tell the story to confidants, and it leaked out and was recounted in "Eisenhower," a 1983 biography by Stephen E. Ambrose.

"At the time, Truman's chances for reelection appeared to be nil," Ambrose wrote. "Eisenhower assumed that Truman wanted to use him to pull the Democrats out of an impossible situation. The general wanted nothing to do with the Democratic Party; his answer was a flat 'No.' "

Eisenhower sat out the 1948 election, as did MacArthur. Truman ran against New York Gov. Thomas Dewey and won a stunning upset victory.

The diary contains several other interesting Truman comments.

ON GENERAL GEORGE C. MARSHALL

He had praise for Gen. George C. Marshall, whom he appointed secretary of state: "Marshall is, I think the greatest man of the World War II. He managed to get along with Roosevelt, the Congress, Churchill, the Navy and the Joint Chiefs of Staff and he made a grand record in China."

ON CLARK CLIFFORD (FUTURE DEFENSE SECRETARY)

On Jan. 6, he wrote: "Read my annual message. It was good if I do say it myself. . . . Clark Clifford did most of the work. He's a nice boy and will go places."

In that comment, Truman proved prescient. Clifford, then a 40-year-old Truman aide, later became an aide to President John F. Kennedy, secretary of defense under Lyndon Johnson and a major Washington power broker until his death in 1998.

ON PERSONAL HEALTH AND MOTHER'S FUNERAL & INDEPENDENCE DAY FESTIVITIES

On March 7, he wrote: "Doc tell's [sic] me I have Cardiac Asthma! Aint that hell. Well it makes no diff, will go on as before. I've sworn him to secrecy! So What!"

On July 28 -- "terrible day" -- Truman wrote about his mother's funeral. "Along the road cars, trucks and pedestrians stood with hats off. It made me want to weep -- but I couldn't in public. I've read through thousands of messages from all over the world in the White House study and I can shed tears as I please -- no one's looking."

But Truman's famed plain-spoken wit is also evident in the diary. On July 4, after attending Independence Day festivities in Monticello, Va., he wrote a passage that can only be called Trumanesque:

"Mrs. Astor -- Lady Astor came to the car just before we started from Monticello to say to me that she liked my policies as President but that she thought I had become rather too much 'Yankee.' I couldnt help telling her that my purported 'Yankee' tendencies were not half so bad as her ultra conservative British leanings. She almost had a stroke."

MACARTHUR'S SUPERIORITY COMPLEX!

The president's diary, written in the back of a book donated to the Truman Library in 1965, was discovered by a librarian reshelving books. Truman wrote of Jews disparagingly. Gen. Douglas MacArthur and Truman in October 1950. Of the general, Truman wrote: "We discussed MacArthur and his superiority complex."

https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/07/11/harry-trumans-forgotten-diary/97827dbd-e24f-49f6-a800-2341a0688060/


POTUS Threat on George H.W. Bush by Israeli terrorists

2003Jul10 WAPO  | Truman's forgotten Diary

1992 The threat on George H.W. Bush | 1992 WRMEA

Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, February 1992, Page 10

Special Report

Peril in Being President

By Paul Findley

National leadership brings rewards, satisfactions, even frequent moments of exhiliration. In three years, the US presidency has brought many such moments to George Bush, especially in the immediate aftermath of the Gulf war.

There are exceptions. The final week of the 1991 congressional session was devoid of such pleasures. Harsh bickering between the Congress and the White House over which must accept blame for the downturn in the nation's economy contributed to a further decline in public estimation of both institutions.

To this testiness, Israel's Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir added his own brand.

In Washington, he fumed against Bush's selection of the time and place for the next round of Arab-Israeli meetings and tried to reschedule them to his own convenience. He declared that his government will not be pushed around by any other nation, even its chief benefactor, the United States.

These aggravations to a president's good nature, serious as they are, cannot be the only problems weighing heavily on Bush's mind. No American president, and especially George Bush, can wisely put out of mind a far more serious threat to his presidency, the question of personal survival.

As long as he remains president, George Bush will be the center of controversy and, therefore, personally at risk. Despite the endeavors of the Secret Service, the agency whose primary purpose is to protect the president of the United States from harm, no occupant of the office can be effectively shielded from danger.

WARNING ABOUT MOSSAD THREAT TO PRESIDENT BUSH

The Secret Service has special reason for concern at this point in George Bush's career. Before Bush headed for the opening day of the peace conference in Madrid, the Secret Service received a warning that elements of Israel's spy operation-the Mossad-might put Bush's life in danger.

The danger was first expressed by Victor Ostrovsky, a former Mossad agent, to a group of Canadian parliamentarians. After four years' service, Ostrovsky had left the Mossad in protest against its methods and had written the book By Way of Deception, exposing Israel's spy operations in intimate detail.

Ostrovsky told the Canadians that the Mossad, not the elected political establishment, is the real engine of policy in Israel. He added ominously that secret intelligence he had been receiving suggested strongly that Mossad's hatred of Bush-and support for Vice President Dan Quayle-may lead to an attempt on the president's life. Quayle, always popular with Jewish groups, is regarded by Israel as much more sympathetic to its problems than Bush.

Ostrovsky told the group that he feared for his own safety and was under Mossad surveillance.

This astounding information was relayed by one of those attending the Canadian meeting to Paul N. "Pete" McCloskey, my former colleague in Congress. McCloskey, an attorney, is my associate on the board of the Council for the National Interest, a Washington-based organization that focuses on Middle East policy. He was recently named by Bush to the National and Community Service Commission.

Alarmed for the safety os his longtime friend, George Bush, McCloskey flew to Ottawa for a face-to-face interview with the former Mossad agent.

Ostrovsky impressed McCloskey as a patriotic Zionist who believes the Mossad is out of contro. Ostrovsky told him the present leadership of the Mossad wants "to do everything possible to preserve a state of war between Israel and its neighbors, assassinating President Bush, if necessary." He said a public relations campaign is already underway in both Israel and the United States to "prepare public acceptance of Dan Quayle as president."

After lengthy discussion during which he became convinced that Ostrovsky was "real" and telling the truth, McCloskey took the next flight to Washington.

There he relayed the information to the Secret Service and State Department, receiving mixed reactions to Ostrovsky's reliability. An officer of the Navy Department dismissed him simply as a "traitor to Israel."

 

Ostrovsky became controversial last year with the publication of his book on the Mossad. The government of Israel sought a court order in both New York and Canada to prevent its publication. The ban-the-book effort produced nationwide publicity for three days. Partly as a result of this publicity, the book became an instant bestseller.

In the book, Ostrovsky reports an episode especially shocking to American readers. He said Mossad agents in Beirut learned in the summer of 1983 that a large truck was being rigged by a terrorist group to hold unusually large bombs. The Israeli agents speculated that the US Marine barracks at the Beirut airport would be one of the most likely targets of the truck-bomb.

FAILURE TO WARN (just like Dancing Israelis) - Beirut Bombing

They asked Mossad headquarters in Tel Aviv for permission to issue a special alert to US military leaders in Beirut. The answer was negative.

The Beirut station was ordered to provide only routine notice, so general, Ostrovsky wrote, that "it was like sending a weather report, unlikely to raise and particular alarm." He said more than one hundred such warnings had been issued during a period of a few days, so one more would be unlikely to attract attention.

In refusing to alert the Americans to the danger, the Mossad leadership in Tel Aviv explained:

"We are not there [in Beirut] to protect Americans. They're a big country, send only the regular information."

“THE REGULAR INFORMATION”

As a result, only Israeli stations in Lebanon were put on alert. The truck bomb crashed into the barracks, killing 241 US Marines. It was a horrible tragedy that Israel could have prevented.

Is it conceivable that Israel's Mossad might assassinate George Bush in order to put a more sympathetic man in the White House? It is well to remember two earlier occasions when Israeli authorities were willing to sacrifice American lives to serve their own national interests.

During the June 1967 war, Israeli air and sea forces killed 34 US sailors and wounded 171 others in a deliberate attempt to destroy the USS Liberty and its entire crew.

During the October 1973 war, Israeli fighter pilots were ordered to shoot down an unarmed US reconnaissance plan that was overflying Israel's secret nuclear site in a desert area of Israel. At the time the US was helping Israel by ferrying vast quantities of war material from US warehouses. Fortunately, the US plane was flying too high for the Israeli fighters to reach.

The US Secret Service will be wise to assume the worst.

Former Illinois Congressman Paul Findley is chairman of the Council for the National Interest, 1900 18th St., NW, Washington, DC 20009. His best-selling book, They Dare to Speak Out: People and Institutions Confront Israel's Lobby, is available from the AET Book Club.

From <https://www.wrmea.org/1992-february/special-report-peril-in-being-president.html> 


Random Conjectures due to Failure of U.S. Government to Tell Truth

conspiracy theories | wild speculation...

LINK. Conspiracy Corner: List of Alleged False Flags & Deceptions (and some off-the-wall 9/11 conspiracies)

Contents Auto-generated

VIOLENCE IS BACKED INTO UBER-ZIONIST CULTURE & CREED
ZIONIST TERROR against British pre-May 1948
FANATICAL JEWS WITHOUT BORDERS
Lehi (Stern Gang) sends Letter-Bombs to President Truman in 1947
Bombs Potentially Fatal
Similar Envelopes Found
VIDEOS
Important Dates
CONTENTS
1947 MAY 19 | NYT | IRGUN ZVAI LEUMI Terrorist Group REFUSES to Stop Bombing and Killing Campaign against British
1948 July 30 | NYT | IRGUN ZVAI LEUMI Terrorist REFUSE to ACCEPT Partition
ANALYSES: Born & Bred to Be Terrorists
Analysis#1 Jabotinsky's "Revisionist Movement" is Ideological Pillar, Youth Wing is Recruitment tool for Terrorists
HIGHLIGHTS:
The Official View on the Knesset (Israeli Parliament) website
"The Revisionist Movement" posted on the Knesset website
Analysis#2 Godfather Jabotinsky Terrorist - From Founding Betar 'Hitler Youth' Paramilitary to Pogromming and Massacres to Prime Ministers (Begin, Rabin, Sharon, Netanyahu)
Irgun Zvai Leumi
BRITANNICA SUMMARY (link)
Terrorist organization, Recruits from Betar
LEHI (Stern Gang) terrorist paramilitary, splinter group off Irgun -
SPLINTER GROUP.
FOUNDING.
ANTI-BRITISH.
UNRESTRICTED IMMIGRATION.
Goals and ideology
Analysis#3 CIA ANALYSIS OF IRGUN and Situation in Palestine
"SECRET" CIA Analysis-Overview of fanatical Irgun
"SECRET" CIA Analysis-Situation in Palestine
Background Briefing PM Menachem Begin
Opinion: The Relentless Israeli Propaganda Machine
1982jul03 Wapo | Senator James Abourezk's Arab Defense | Israel's Invasion of Lebanon
Irgun Transition to Politics
Jabotinsky terrorist-Zionist Justification for Terrorism | published Aug 1943
INTRODUCTION
Terror-translation
He Khazit issue 2 August 1943
U.S. State Dept Cables | RE Zionist Terrorism, Jewish Refusal to Accept Partition Plan
Memorandum by the Acting Secretary of State to the Presidents Special Counsel (Clifford)
Text of Suggestions Presented by Count Bernadotte, at Rhodes, to the Two Parties on June 28, 19481
Part II. Suggestions Presented by the Mediator on Palestine
Part III. Annex to the Suggestions: Territorial Matters
The Chargé in Egypt (Patterson) to the Secretary of State
The Secretary of State to the Acting United States Representative at the United Nations (Jessup)
The Chargé in Egypt (Patterson) to the Secretary of State
The Consul General at Jerusalem (Macdonald) to the Secretary of State
The Chargé in Egypt (Patterson) to the Secretary of State
Draft Memorandum by the Director of the Office of United Nations Affairs (Rusk) to the Under Secretary of State (Lovett)1
Palestine - ZIONIST Terror Campaigns | Overview
Book | Zionist Terrorist Groups Indiscriminately KILLED Arabs, Brits and Jews
TERROR OUT OF ZION - IRGUN ZVAI LEUMI, LEHI, AND THE PALESTINE UNDERGROUND, 1929-1949
REVIEW
2023Nov TRT | A Lookback at the Zionist Terrorism that led to Israel’s Creation
A Lookback at the Zionist Terrorism that led to Israel’s Creation
The Transfer Agreement between the Jewish Agency and Hitler (circumventing boycott-Jews for German Goods)
Ninety years ago a negotiated 'transfer' led more than 50,000 German Jews to Palestine
A highly contested agreement
Responses to Transfer Agreement (Haavara_Agreement in Hebrew)
The Transfer Agreement | by Edwin Black
Why Gaza Matters
TERRORISM Archives | NYT-FBI-CIA
Jewish Terrorism-From the Archives of the New York Times
LINK. "Weaponized Zionism and the Palestinian Genocide"
Archives (CIA, DOD, MI5, et al): Menachem Begin files
Fbi files Irgun Zvai Leumi
CIA FILES (SELECTED)
from paperless archives
CIA FILES
CIA Camp David Israel-Egypt Peace Plan Files
British Security Service MI5 MI6 Files
FBI FILES
U.S. Government Foreign Press Monitoring
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE REPORTS
TERRORISM CRIMES COMMITTED BY IRGUN & LEDI (Sternberg Gang)
Threats on U.S. Presidents
POTUS TRUMAN'S DIARY REVEALS IRRITATION WITH SELFISH, NARCISSTIC, POWER-HUNGRY ZIONIST LEADERS
POTUS Threat on George H.W. Bush by Israeli terrorists
1992 The threat on George H.W. Bush | 1992 WRMEA
Random Conjectures due to Failure of U.S. Government to Tell Truth
conspiracy theories | wild speculation...
LINK. Conspiracy Corner: List of Alleged False Flags & Deceptions (and some off-the-wall 9/11 conspiracies)
Contents Auto-generated